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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)
Chary, Udari Gnaneshwara
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Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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HSPICE simulation and analysis of current reused operational transconductance amplifiers for biomedical applications Chary, Udari Gnaneshwara; Kishore, Kakarla Hari
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 15, No 1: February 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v15i1.pp196-207

Abstract

The proposed work focuses on the design of a current-reused biomedical amplifier; it is a microwatt-level electrocardiogram (ECG) analog circuit design that addresses low power consumption and noise efficiency. As implantable devices require unobtrusiveness and longevity, the current reuse technique in this circuit effectively enhances power and noise efficiencies. Using 90 nm technology enables efficient circuit implementation, yielding promising simulation results. At 100 Hz, the noise performance reaches 62.095 nV/√Hz, while the power consumption is only 8.3797 µW. These advancements are pivotal for next-generation implantable devices, ensuring reliable operation and reducing frequent battery replacements, improving patient convenience. Moreover, the high noise efficiency ensures that ECG signals are captured with high fidelity, crucial for accurate monitoring and diagnosis. This research addresses the challenges in implantable ECG analog circuit design and sets a benchmark for future developments. The techniques employed can be adapted for other bio signal monitoring devices, broadening the impact on healthcare technology. Ultimately, this advancement contributes to more efficient, reliable, and long-lasting medical devices, enhancing patient monitoring and healthcare on a broader scale.
Optimization of two-stage DTMOS operational transconductance amplifier with Firefly algorithm Chary, Udari Gnaneshwara; Mummadi, Swathi; Kishore, Kakarla Hari
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 16, No 3: September 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i3.pp1417-1428

Abstract

This paper presents a methodology for optimizing dynamic threshold MOSFET (DTMOS) two-stage operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) tailored for biomedical applications through the utilization of the Firefly algorithm. The optimization process focuses on enhancing key performance metrics such as gain, bandwidth, and power efficiency, which are critical for biomedical signal processing, neural interfaces, and wearable healthcare devices. The methodology encompasses circuit architecture definition, Firefly algorithm implementation, fitness evaluation, and result analysis. The optimization results reveal a significant enhancement in performance metrics. Specifically, the number of transistors in the design is 25. The initial overall gain was 76.65 V/V, with a power efficiency (µ) of 1.6. After optimization, the overall gain was significantly improved to 84.029 dB using the Firefly algorithm, demonstrating superior performance compared to existing algorithms. The power efficiency (µ) was also enhanced to 1.702, underscoring the efficiency improvements achieved through optimization. Simulation results and statistical analysis confirm that the Firefly algorithm effectively achieves optimal configurations, improving the robustness of OTA designs against parameter variations. These enhancements validate the algorithm's efficacy in addressing power-performance trade-offs and its suitability for diverse biomedical applications. Physical prototyping of the optimized design further demonstrates real-world functionality, underscoring its practical applicability.
Co-Authors Kishore, Kakarla Hari Mummadi, Swathi