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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Saidi Alaoui, Kaoutar
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Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Improving the performance of a U-shaped patch antenna using metamaterials for biomedical applications Siraj, Younes; Foshi, Jaouad; Saidi Alaoui, Kaoutar
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 1: February 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i1.8283

Abstract

This paper discusses the performance improvement of a patch antenna using metamaterials (MTM). The suggested antenna is a U-shaped patch antenna with a modified ground plane dedicated to biomedical applications. The size of the antenna is 40×20 mm2 with a FR4 substrate (εr=4.3, tanδ=0.02, H=1.6 mm) designed for operation at 2.4 GHz (ISM Band) and 6.23 GHz frequencies. The proposed MTM is 2×2 array positioned under the antenna at a distance of 2 mm. The integration of the MTM enhances clearly the antenna performance especially the return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and the gain. However, the reflection coefficient was enhanced from -10.71 dB to -36.63 dB at 2.45 GHz and from -13.88 dB to -36.54 dB at 6.23 GHz, the VSWR improved from 1.66 to 1.03 at 2.45 GHz and from 1.75 to 1.04 at 6.23 GHz. Additionally, the peak gain also was increased from 1.77 dB to 3.48 dB. The obtained results confirm the suitability of the suggested antenna for biomedical applications.
H-shaped terahertz patch antenna with metamaterials for biomedical applications Saidi Alaoui, Kaoutar; Younes, Siraj; Jaouad, Foshi
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 15, No 6: December 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v15i6.pp5215-5222

Abstract

This paper presents the design and simulation of an H-shaped terahertz microstrip patch antenna integrated with a metamaterial (MTM) layer to enhance performance for biomedical sensing applications. The antenna modeled using high frequency structure simulator (HFSS), is optimized for 4.37 THz operation. While FR4 is used in simulations for baseline analysis, alternative low-loss substrates such as polyimide or quartz are recommended for practical THz applications. The antenna design uses an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 2 μm. Ground plane, feed line, and patch are made of copper material. The integration of the MTM enhance clearly the antenna characteristics. This integration helps to improve the antenna impedance matching; the reflection coefficients was enhanced from -25.01 to -63.10 dB. Additionally, this integration boost also the antenna radiation characteristics, increasing the gain from 2.62 to 3.86 dB and the directivity from 3.57 to 4.97 dB.
Co-Authors Foshi, Jaouad Jaouad, Foshi Siraj, Younes Younes, Siraj