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All Journal International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (IJFANRES)
Assefa, Abebe
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Path Coefficient, Genetic Divergent and Principal Component Analysis on Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Genotypes in Sekota, North Western Ethiopia Assefa, Abebe; Mekonnen, Dereje; Bantayehu, Muluken
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 5, No 4 (2024): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i4.415

Abstract

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a dual purpose, early matured low land pulse crop. Information on the genetic divergent, path coefficient and principal component analysis plays a vital role for further breeding activity in common bean. Therefore, this study was initiated with the objective of identifying superior lines for hybridization program, identify the traits that have direct and indirect effect on seed yield and to determine genetic similarity among genotypes using multivariate analysis on 64 genotypes using 8x8 simple lattice design at Aybra main research site during 2023 under rain fed conditions. Analysis of variance was performed using SAS software and the genetic divergent and principal component analysis were done using R software. The ANOVA revealed highly significant variations among genotypes for all the traits considered in the study and it suggest the possibility of estimating genetic divergent, path coefficient and principal component analysis. Branches per plant, above ground biomass and harvest index had significant positive direct effects on seed yield at the genotypic and phenotypic levels while days to maturity had a significant negative indirect effect with seed yield at the genotypic. The maximum inter cluster distance was found between clusters VII and VIII (D2 =351.39), followed by clusters V and VIII (D2 =331.23). The first five principal component axes accounted for 74.3% of the total variation, with eigenvalues greater than unity. The number of days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant, number seeds per pod, seed yield, and harvest index were the traits that contributed most of the variation in the first PCs. Therefore, selection based on direct and indirect effect of the traits and hybridization based on cluster distance could be possible for the improvement of common bean in the study area.
Optimization of Seed Proportions of Mung Bean (Vigna Radiata L.) and Planting Patterns for Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) -Mung Bean Intercropping in Lasta District, North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia Assefa, Abebe; Abate, Mesfin; Haile, Mekides; Hunegnaw, Yirsaw
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 2 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i2.476

Abstract

Planting patterns and seed ratio of the added crops determine the success or failure of intercropping. In the Lasta district, intercropping sorghum and mung bean is a common practice. However, there is a dearth of research on the optimal proportions of mung bean seeds added and the proper planting patterns for sorghum-mung bean intercropping. Therefore, this experiment was conducted in 2022 at Lasta district, North Wollo Zone, to determine the optimal mung bean seed proportion, to identify the best sorghum-mung bean planting pattern and their combinations. Three seed proportions of mung bean (100%, 67% and 50% ) with three sorghum-mung bean planting patterns (1S:1M, 2S:1M, and 3S:1M) including sole sorghum and mung bean as a control with three replication were tested using RCBD factorial arrangement. Data such as days to heading and maturity, panicle length, plant height, biomass grain yield for main crop and days to 50% flowering, 90% physiological maturity, pods per plant, branches per plant, seeds per pod, biomass and seed yield were collected and analysis using SAS software. The analysis of variance indicated that most of the study traits were significantly affected by the treatments. The highest grain yield of sorghum (3030.93 kg ha-1 and 3020.43kg ha-1) was obtained within 2S:1M x 67% and 1S:1M x 50% of planting pattern and seed proportion of mung bean, respectively. Intercropping sorghum in a 1:1 planting pattern within 50% seed proportion of mung bean gives 12.54 and 63.65% yield advantages over planting sorghum and mung bean alone respectively. Therefore, adding the 50% (125,000 plants ha-1) mung bean seed proportion with a 1S:1M planting pattern is recommended for intercropping in the target area, based on its better compatibility, and yield productivity. This practice will optimize land use, improve yields, ensure nutritional balance and food security, enhance soil fertility, mitigate climate change, and contribute to more sustainable farming in the district compared to the separate planting.
Co-Authors Abate, Mesfin Bantayehu, Muluken Haile, Mekides Hunegnaw, Yirsaw Mekonnen, Dereje