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Hard and Soft Acids and Bases (HSAB): Investigating Adduct Formation in Non-Aqueous Solvent Media with Selected Divalent Class B Metal Ions in Chemistry Onwudinjo, Felicity Uju
ASEAN Journal for Science and Engineering in Materials Vol 3, No 2 (2024): AJSEM: Volume 3, Issue 2, September 2024
Publisher : Bumi Publikasi Nusantara

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Abstract

This study explores the Lewis acid/base interactions of divalent metal ions—copper (II), lead (II), and mercury (II)—with Lewis bases 2-naphthol and caffeine in an ethanol solvent. Utilizing the method of continuous variation, absorbance data were analyzed to understand these interactions. Absorbance data analyzed through Job's plot revealed distinct interaction patterns. For the copper (II) system, the Job's plot did not exhibit a maximum, indicating a lack of significant cooperative interaction, with absorbance values fluctuating without a clear pattern. In contrast, the lead (II) and mercury (II) systems demonstrated clear maxima with both 2-naphthol and caffeine, evidencing cooperative interactions. Specifically, the Job plot for lead (II) with 2-naphthol peaked at an absorbance of 1.25 at a mole ratio of 1:1, and for mercury (II) with caffeine, a maximum absorbance of 1.40 was observed at the same stoichiometry. These results indicate a 1:1 stoichiometry for the adducts formed, suggesting that the interactions of these metal ions with the bases can be described by the Eigen-Wilkins mechanism. This mechanism may thus account for the adduct formation involving the class B Lewis acids studied in a non-aqueous medium, highlighting a distinctive aspect of their chemical behavior. 
Assessment of Chemistry Teachers’ Knowledge on Entrepreneurial Chemistry Topics in Senior Secondary Schools Onwudinjo, Felicity Uju
Journal of Education and Teacher Training Innovation Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Education and Teacher Training Innovation (JETTI)
Publisher : PT. Pusmedia Group Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61227/jetti.v2i2.119

Abstract

The study investigated the entrepreneurship knowledge of chemistry teachers in Otuocha education zone of Anambra state, towards some topics in senior secondary school chemistry curriculum. Three research questions guided the study. 31 chemistry teachers from Otuocha education zone were involved. Twenty-four item questionnaire generated from five branches of chemistry mainly taught in senior secondary schools were used for data collection. The instrument was validated and its reliability was found to be 0.91 using Cronbach alpha. The data analysed using mean and standard deviation indicated that twelve (12) out of the twenty three topics were found not to be significant on teachers’ knowledge of entrepreneurship in teaching. This is an indication that students are not being cultured with these skills during lesson. This was also confirmed in the analysis of the data collected from how teachers relate the topics to real world / entrepreneurial skill, where sixteen (16) out of twenty three topics were found not to be significant on teachers’ in relating to entrepreneurship in teaching. Out of the fifteen (15) entrepreneurial teaching strategies tested, twelve were found not to be significant on teachers’. Some recommendations were made based on the findings to improve the development of entrepreneurial skills in students.