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Characterization of essential oil from red citronella leaves (Cymbopogon nardus L.) Wicaksono, Akhmad Permadi; Afandi, Fadila Ardiansyah; Wira, Guardiola Rosa; Adzani, Mayla Fayzza; Erliyanti, Nove Kartika
Konversi Vol 13, No 2 (2024): OKTOBER 2024
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v13i2.20129

Abstract

Citronella leaves are generally processed using conventional methods to obtain its essential oil. UMAE (Ultrasound-Microwave Assisted Extraction) method can be a replacement of conventional methods. UMAE is an extraction process assisted by ultrasonic waves and microwaves. NaCl solution can be used as a solvent in the UMAE method due to its large dielectric constant value. This research aimed to examinethe effect of microwave power and salt concentration on the characteristics of citronella leaf essential oil (density, refractive index, color, and solubility in alcohol). The extraction method used in this research was Ultrasound Microwave-Assisted Extraction (UMAE). The solvent and material used in this research were NaCl salt solution and Red Citronella Leaves (Cymbopogon nardus L.). The first stage carried out in this research was pre-treatment assisted by ultrasonic waves for five minutes at a temperature of 35 ᵒC, solvent concentrations of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% (w/v). The second stage was microwave-assisted extraction with a microwave power of 150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 Watts. The best results were produced at a concentration of 4% NaCl salt solution and 450Watt microwave power with yellow color, density value 0.8898 g/mL, refractive index 1.456, and solubility in alcohol 1:2. Overall, the quality of citronella leaves essential oil was in range of SNI 06-3953 1995. Therefore, the Red Citronella Leaves (Cymbopogon nardus L.) in the future can be considered as the alternative resource of citronella essential oil due to its good characteristics, among many varieties of citronella plants.
STUDI KINETIKA REAKSI EKSTRAKSI DOLOMIT DENGAN ASAM FOSFAT Fahturrozak, Ahmad; Adzani, Mayla Fayzza; Sumada, Ketut
BRILIANT: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual Vol 11 No 1 (2026): Volume 11 Nomor 1, Februari 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/briliant.v11i1.2218

Abstract

Dolomite (CaMg(CO₃)₂) is generally white but can also appear gray or bluish, with magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) as its main composition.. This study analyzes the kinetics and conversion of dolomite extraction using phosphoric acid through a solid-liquid extraction method. Initially, dolomite was calcined at 850°C for 240 minutes and then sieved. A total of 40 grams of the sieved sample was extracted with 250 mL of 2M phosphoric acid at varying temperatures (30, 45, 60, 75, and 90°C) and extraction times (60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes). The extracted solution was filtered and analyzed using AAS to determine the extracted calcium and magnesium content. The highest conversion was achieved at 90°C for 180 minutes, with calcium extraction at 65.67% and magnesium at 65.98%, with the ash layer as the controlling step. The activation energy, based on the Arrhenius equation, was 27,745.49 J/mol·K for calcium and 19,120.5 J/mol·K for magnesium, with reaction rate constants of K=9.8149 e^(3336.6/T) for calcium and K=1.8063 e^(2299.8/T) for magnesium. This study demonstrates that temperature and reaction time significantly influence dolomite extraction, which follows the Arrhenius model, providing valuable insights into the kinetics and efficiency of dolomite extraction using phosphoric acid.