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All Journal International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications (MECHTA)
Irawan , Yudy Surya
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Automotive Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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INFLUENCE OF LORJUK MUSSEL SHELLS AND PEANUT SHELLS AS CARBURIZER MEDIA IN THE PACK CARBURIZING PROCESS OF AISI 1020 Achmadi, Achmadi; Widodo, Teguh Dwi; Irawan , Yudy Surya
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2025.006.01.4

Abstract

AISI 1020 steel is low-carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.20% and good ductility but low hardness. One of the methods to increase the hardness is by infusing carbon. The addition of carbon, called carburizing, was done by heating at a high enough temperature, namely at austenite temperature, in an environment containing active carbon atoms so that the active carbon atoms would diffuse into the steel surface and reach a certain depth. After the diffusion process, a rapid cooling treatment (quenching) is followed to obtain a harder surface, but the center is ductile. The carburizing process requires activation energy to diffuse carbon in the material. Catalysts are one solution to increase activation energy so that the time required during the carburization process is less. The study used carburizer from Lorjuk mussel shells as a catalyst and peanut shell charcoal as a source of activated carbon. The variations used were 0% catalyst/100% charcoal, 10% catalyst/90% charcoal, 20% catalyst/80% charcoal, and 30% catalyst/70%. The results of the study obtained the highest hardness and carbon diffusion values, the smallest corrosion rate obtained in the addition of 30% catalyst, and the lowest hardness in specimens without catalyst.
INFLUENCE OF LORJUK MUSSEL SHELLS AND PEANUT SHELLS AS CARBURIZER MEDIA IN THE PACK CARBURIZING PROCESS OF AISI 1020 Achmadi, Achmadi; Widodo, Teguh Dwi; Irawan , Yudy Surya
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2025.006.01.4

Abstract

AISI 1020 steel is low-carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.20% and good ductility but low hardness. One of the methods to increase the hardness is by infusing carbon. The addition of carbon, called carburizing, was done by heating at a high enough temperature, namely at austenite temperature, in an environment containing active carbon atoms so that the active carbon atoms would diffuse into the steel surface and reach a certain depth. After the diffusion process, a rapid cooling treatment (quenching) is followed to obtain a harder surface, but the center is ductile. The carburizing process requires activation energy to diffuse carbon in the material. Catalysts are one solution to increase activation energy so that the time required during the carburization process is less. The study used carburizer from Lorjuk mussel shells as a catalyst and peanut shell charcoal as a source of activated carbon. The variations used were 0% catalyst/100% charcoal, 10% catalyst/90% charcoal, 20% catalyst/80% charcoal, and 30% catalyst/70%. The results of the study obtained the highest hardness and carbon diffusion values, the smallest corrosion rate obtained in the addition of 30% catalyst, and the lowest hardness in specimens without catalyst.
THE EFFECT OF ADDING ANDESITE MASS FRACTION TO ALUMINUM MATRIX COMPOSITES ON WEAR, HARDNESS, AND MICROSTRUCTURES Santoso, Budi; Suprapto, Wahyono; Irawan , Yudy Surya; Thanigaivelan, R.
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January - June
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776//MECHTA.2026.007.01.1

Abstract

This study analyzes the effect of adding andesite mass fraction on the mechanical properties of Aluminum Matrix Composite (AMC), especially hardness, wear rate, and microstructures, to develop AMC with new reinforcement. The test results show that increasing the andesite mass fraction increases the hardness of AMC, with the highest average hardness value reaching 96.0 HRB in Al-Zn-7.5% Andesite variation. In contrast, the variation without andesite addition showed the lowest hardness of 74.8 HRB. The microstructures analysis showed an even distribution of andesite particles, which contributed to the increase in hardness and indicated good material homogeneity. Nonetheless, the increase in porosity in Al-Zn-10% Andesite variation affected a decrease in hardness and wear rate, noting the importance of control over such factors in developing AMCs for applications requiring high mechanical resistance. This study provides a reference for AMC development on optimizing the composite material composition to achieve an optimal balance between hardness and wear resistance.
Co-Authors Achmadi Achmadi Dwi Budi Santoso Teguh Dwi Widodo Thanigaivelan, R. Wahyono Suprapto