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All Journal Jurnal Restorasi Hukum Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan
Oktavia, Enika Maya
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Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Uji Proporsionalitas UUD 1945 : Pembatasan Hak Beragama dalam Pembubaran Hizbut Thahrir Indonesia Oktavia, Enika Maya
Jurnal Restorasi Hukum Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Restorasi Hukum
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/eaax2f69

Abstract

This study analyzes the proportionality of restrictions on religious rights in the dissolution of HTI (Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia) by the Indonesian government, as it relates to the principles of the 1945 Constitution. The findings suggest that the dissolution is justified due to perceived threats to Pancasila, national integrity, and social harmony. However, critics argue these restrictions contradict the religious freedom guaranteed by Article 29 of the Constitution, which allows limitations only to maintain public order, security, and morality. The government defends these measures as necessary for national security, but some believe such limitations may infringe on human rights and should only be applied when there is a clear threat. While the court deemed the dissolution legitimate and proportional, legal experts and human rights advocates argue that the ruling inadequately considered the constitutional principle of religious freedom. Penelitian ini menguji proporsionalitas pembatasan hak beragama dalam pembubaran HTI oleh pemerintah Indonesia dengan prinsip-prinsip yang tercantum dalam UUD 1945. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pembubaran dilakukan dengan alasan potensi ancaman terhadap Pancasila, keutuhan negara, dan kerukunan nasional. Namun, terdapat argumen bahwa pembatasan tersebut tidak sejalan dengan prinsip kebebasan beragama yang dijamin dalam UUD 1945. Pasal 29 UUD 1945 menjamin kebebasan beragama, tetapi juga membatasi kebebasan tersebut untuk menjaga ketertiban, keamanan, dan kepatutan. Pemerintah berpendapat bahwa pembatasan tersebut diperlukan untuk menjaga ketertiban dan keamanan negara. Namun, beberapa pihak mengkritik bahwa pembatasan tersebut dapat melanggar hak asasi manusia, dan seharusnya hanya diberlakukan jika ada ancaman nyata terhadap keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Putusan pengadilan menyimpulkan bahwa pembubaran HTI adalah tindakan yang sah dan proporsional, namun beberapa pakar hukum dan aktivis hak asasi manusia berpendapat bahwa putusan tersebut tidak mempertimbangkan sepenuhnya prinsip kebebasan beragama yang dijamin dalam UUD 1945. Kesimpulannya, pembatasan hak beragama dalam pembubaran HTI perlu dievaluasi secara kritis terhadap prinsip-prinsip yang tercantum dalam UUD 1945. Pemerintah perlu memastikan bahwa pembatasan tersebut sesuai dengan kebebasan beragama yang dijamin oleh konstitusi dan tidak melanggar hak asasi manusia. Diperlukan kajian mendalam dan diskusi terbuka untuk mencapai kesepakatan yang dapat diterima oleh semua pihak terkait.
Islam dalam Kebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia: Kebijakan Indonesia Terhadap Cina dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Etnis Uighur Oktavia, Enika Maya
Jurnal Restorasi Hukum Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Restorasi Hukum
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jrh.v6i2.3131

Abstract

Abstract: Indonesia is faced with a foreign policy dilemma regarding the Uighur conflict. Despite its strategic relationship with China, Indonesia, as an Islamic country, places the protection of the rights of Uighur Muslims as a priority. The limitations of direct action against China arise from geopolitical considerations, economic interests, and the complexity of bilateral relations. Indonesia plays an active role in international forums, such as the OIC and the UN, to fight for the rights of Uighur Muslims, while Islam becomes the moral basis of foreign policy. Economic challenges, relationship complexity, and limited resources are factors that affect policy implementation. The research methodology uses a qualitative approach, with data tracing through literature studies to analyze the phenomenon of the Uighur conflict. Overall, Indonesia's policy reflects political, economic, and moral considerations in responding to the Uighur conflict with China, using a soft diplomacy approach.  Diplomacy that avoids confrontation and is influenced by the balance of power and international capabilities.Abstrak: Indonesia dihadapkan pada dilema kebijakan luar negeri terkait konflik Uighur. Meskipun menjalin hubungan strategis dengan Cina, Indonesia, sebagai negara berbasis Islam, menempatkan perlindungan hak-hak Muslim Uighur sebagai prioritas. Keterbatasan tindakan langsung terhadap Cina timbul dari pertimbangan geopolitik, kepentingan ekonomi, dan kompleksitas hubungan bilateral. Indonesia berperan aktif di forum internasional, seperti OKI dan PBB, untuk memperjuangkan hak-hak Muslim Uighur, sementara Islam menjadi dasar moral dalam kebijakan luar negeri. Tantangan ekonomi, kompleksitas hubungan, dan keterbatasan sumber daya menjadi faktor yang memengaruhi implementasi kebijakan. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan data tracing melalui studi kepustakaan untuk menganalisis fenomena konflik Uighur. Secara keseluruhan, kebijakan Indonesia mencerminkan pertimbangan politik, ekonomi, dan moral dalam menanggapi konflik Uighur dengan Cina, dengan menggunakan pendekatan diplomasi lunak.  Diplomasi yang menghindari konfrontasi dan dipengaruhi oleh keseimbangan power dan kapabilitas internasional.
EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI TERHADAP DESAIN SURAT SUARA CALON TUNGGAL DALAM PILKADA Oktavia, Enika Maya; Syafei, Rizki Maulana; Fatna, Tsalis Khoirul
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The phenomenon of single candidates in regional elections in Indonesia has created a dilemma in applying democratic principles, especially regarding ballot design that often confuses voters. The Constitutional Court’s Decision Number 100/PUU-XIII/2015 mandated a plebiscite design with “agree” or “disagree” options for single candidates. However, in practice, this design has been distorted with the presence of a blank box without adequate explanation. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which the discrepancy between the Constitutional Court's decision and actual ballot design practices affects voter understanding and the quality of democracy. This study employs a normative juridical method with a qualitative-descriptive approach, relying on literature reviews and secondary data analysis from legal documents and news reports. The theoretical framework uses the "ambiguity effect" and "picture superiority effect," explaining how visual ballot design can influence voter preferences cognitively. The study analyzes variables of compliance with the Constitutional Court's decision and voter understanding as parameters. Data collection procedures are conducted through a literature review. The results indicate that the inconsistency of ballot design with the Court’s decision leads to voter confusion, where the ambiguity of the blank box often directs voters toward choices that may not reflect their true preferences. This highlights the need for policy revisions to better align with democratic principles and support voter decision-making quality in regional elections in Indonesia. Keywords: Single Candidate, Regional Elections, Ballot Design, Blank Vote, Simultaneous Election
Co-Authors Fatna, Tsalis Khoirul Syafei, Rizki Maulana