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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Arum Dewi, Pervitara
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Parasitoids and Predators as Biological Agents against White Stem Borer (Scirpophaga innotata) Arum Dewi, Pervitara; Wahyuni, Srilah Nora; Ilwati, Uun; Akram, Ahdiatsa Hairi; Sarjan, M.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.6976

Abstract

One of the primary challenges in rice cultivation is the disturbance caused by pest infestations. Among the pests that frequently cause damage to rice plants is the white rice stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata). The life cycle of Scirpophaga innotata comprises egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. This article is based on a literature review and discusses the natural enemies most commonly encountered at each stage of the Scirpophaga innotata life cycle. The findings of this article can be summarized as follows: Natural enemies of the white rice stem borer during the egg stage include parasitoids such as Trichogramma japonicum Ashm., Tetrastichus schoenobii, and Telenomus rowani, as well as the predator Conocephalus sp. During the larva-pupa stage, parasitoids such as Apantheles sp., Bracon sp., Tropobracon sp., and Temelucha bigutella are present, along with predators like Miscrapis crocea and Harmonia octomaculata. Regarding the adult stage, parasitoids were not found to be natural enemies of adult S. innotata. However, the most commonly encountered predators include Coccinella transversalis (Thunberg) and Paederus sp.
Management Strategies for Maize Cultivation in Drylands through Soil Tillage Techniques and Fertilizer Efficiency Arum Dewi, Pervitara; Mulyati, Mulyati; Suwardji, Suwardji
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8117

Abstract

Dryland in Indonesia covers approximately 75.6% of the total land area, with a significant portion utilized for agriculture, including maize cultivation. However, the main challenge in maize farming on dryland is the low organic matter content and soil fertility, which can affect growth and yield. This study aims to review various soil tillage techniques and the application of both organic and inorganic fertilizers in maize cultivation on dryland. The soil tillage techniques examined include no-tillage, minimum tillage, and intensive tillage, focusing on fertilization efficiency and the sustainability of land management practices. The methodology employed was a literature review, analyzing publications indexed in SINTA and/or Scopus between 2019 and 2024. The results of the study indicate that the minimum tillage treatment provided the best results, with phosphorus availability of 17.55 mg/kg, potassium of 0.78 cmol/kg, and an increase in organic carbon to 2.44%, along with a slightly alkaline soil pH of 7.65. Minimum tillage was found to be effective in improving soil fertility without causing significant changes in pH, making it the best option for sustainable maize cultivation on dryland.
Co-Authors Akram, Ahdiatsa Hairi Ilwati, Uun M. Sarjan, M. Mulyati Mulyati Suwardji Wahyuni, Srilah Nora