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Fariz Nurwidya
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Journal : MEDICINUS

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Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP) Fariz Nurwidya; Aprilia Katarina
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 2 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/4yy1sr23

Abstract

Organizing pneumonia (OP) merupakan respons cedera paru nonspesifik dengan berbagai pola pencitraan yang didapatkan melalui pemeriksaan high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) toraks dan secara histopatologis ditemukan sel radang serta matriks jaringan ikat di saluran pernapasan bagian distal. Organizing pneumonia (OP) dengan etiologi yang tidak diketahui disebut sebagai cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) dan diklasifikasikan menjadi penyakit paru interstisial akut atau subakut. Kasus COP terjadi akibat cedera alveolar dan terdapat obstruksi jaringan granulasi di lumen alveolar serta bronkiolus. Gejala klinis COP berupa demam, batuk, lemas, dan sesak napas dengan tingkat keparahan ringan hingga berat. Biopsi jaringan merupakan pemeriksaan penunjang yang penting untuk diagnosis COP. Sejauh ini, belum ada penelitian yang membandingkan terapi atau durasi pengobatan dalam kasus COP. Pasien dengan gejala progresif serta gambaran radiologis difus diberikan terapi corticosteroid oral dengan hasil yang relatif baik. Walaupun demikian, pasien COP dapat mengalami kekambuhan setelah terapi tersebut.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): Virologi, Patogenesis, Respon Imun, dan Vaksin Pada Dewasa Resti H. Lestari; Fariz Nurwidya; Anis Karuniawati
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 7 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/n0vpzd50

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is classified within the Pneumoviridae family, genus Orthopneumovirus. RSV is a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus and has two genotypes, A and B. It is primarily associated with lower respiratory tract infections, including bronchiolitis and bronchopneumonia, and is a common cause of hospitalization in infants, elderly individuals, and immunocompromised patients. RSV also has the potential to become systemic infection. Symptoms of RSV infection, such as fever, cough, sore throat, and runny nose, are usually mild in adults. However, in some cases, especially for specific high-risk individuals, the infection can become severe enough to require hospitalization, and complications may lead to death. Understanding the pathogenesis and immune response to RSV are crucial for recognizing the virus’s effects and potential risks. This literature review covers the virology, pathogenesis, immune response, and recent advancements in RSV vaccine development in adult populations. Comprehensive knowledge of RSV is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Peran Bromhexine dalam Tata Laksana Gangguan Pernapasan: Mekanisme dan Efektivitas Klinis Fariz Nurwidya
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 11 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/zb6m9p23

Abstract

Bromhexine hydrochloride is a mucoactive agent that has been used for more than five decades. Although primarily known as a mucolytic agent, recent evidence indicates a more complex mechanism of action as well as broader potentialtherapeutic applications. This literature review aims to synthesize the latest scientific evidence regarding the mechanism of action, clinical efficacy, and safety of bromhexine in the management of various respiratory tract diseases. A literaturesearch was conducted using the PubMed and Scopus databases with the keywords “bromhexine”, “bromhexin”, “mucolytic”, “COPD”, “bronchitis”, “respiratory tract infection”, and “COVID-19”. Selected articles included clinical trials,in vitro/in vivo studies, reviews, and metaanalysis published up to 2025. The review found that bromhexine acts through several mechanisms, including mucin depolymerisation via disulfide bonds cleavage, stimulation of alveolar type II cellssurfactant production, enhancement of ciliary system activity, as well as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Bromhexine has demonstrated effectiveness as an adjuvant therapy in acute and chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructivepulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and bronchiectasis, by reducing sputum viscosity and improving productive cough symptoms. In conclusion, bromhexine shows good efficacy and safety for the management of mucus production and transport disorders in various pulmonary diseases, owing to its mucolytic and surfactant-stimulating properties. These mechanisms remain relevant in the modern era of respiratory disease management.
Co-Authors Anis Karuniawati Aprilia Katarina Resti H. Lestari