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All Journal AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law AL-MUQARANAH-Jurnal Program Studi Perbandingan Mazhab AS-SÂIS (JURNAL HUKUM TATA NEGARA ISLAM/SIYASAH)
Anggraini, Anggi Egi
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Arts Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Eksploitasi Anak Di Media Sosial Fikri, Muhammad Rausyan; Panjaitan, Amin Rahmad; Anggraini, Anggi Egi
Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab Vol 3, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab

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Abstract

The issue of child exploitation is on the rise, along with the increasing cases of child exploitation on digital platforms. This research aims to analyze the forms of child exploitation that occur, as well as the available legal protection efforts. Based on data from the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI), around 60% of cases of sexual exploitation and child labor involve social media, showing that technology can be a means of abuse. (muslem 2022). In the legal context, Law No. 35/2014 on Child Protection regulates children's rights to protection from all forms of exploitation, both economic and sexual. Every child has the right to be protected from actions that are detrimental to their physical and mental development. (harahap 2024). Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) Commissioner Ai Maryati Solihah conveyed KPAI's findings on child victims of exploitation and child labor from January to April 2021. According to her, in 2020 alone the criminal act of trafficking in persons (TPPO) and exploitation reached 149 cases. The details are 28 cases of trafficking, 29 cases of child prostitution, 23 cases of commercial sexual exploitation of children (ESKA), 54 victims of child labor, 11 cases of illegal adoption, and 4 cases of children involved in TPPO. (KPAI 2021) Keywords: Legal Protection, Child Exploitation, Social Media. Abstrakuntuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk eksploitasi anak yang terjadi, serta upaya perlindungan hukum yang tersedia. Berdasarkan data dari Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI), sekitar 60% kasus eksploitasi seksual dan pekerja anak melibatkan sosial media, menunjukkan bahwa teknologi dapat menjadi sarana penyalahgunaan. (muslem 2022). Dalam konteks hukum, Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak mengatur hak-hak anak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan dari segala bentuk eksploitasi, baik ekonomi maupun seksual. Setiap anak berhak dilindungi dari tindakan yang merugikan perkembangan fisik dan mental mereka. (harahap 2024). Omisioner Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI) Ai Maryati Solihah mengungkapkan temuan KPAI mengenai anak-anak yang menjadi korban eksploitasi dan pekerja anak dari Januari hingga April 2021. Ia menyatakan bahwa pada tahun 2020, jumlah kasus tindak pidana perdagangan orang (TPPO) dan eksploitasi mencapai 149 kasus. Rincian kasus tersebut mencakup 28 kasus perdagangan, 29 kasus prostitusi anak, 23 kasus eksploitasi seksual komersial anak (ESKA), 54 anak sebagai korban pekerja, 11 kasus adopsi ilegal, dan 4 kasus anak yang terlibat dalam TPPO. (KPAI 2021) Kata kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Eksploitasi Anak, Sosial media.
Transgender Dalam Kacamata Hukum Waris, Studi Komparatif Antara Hukum Islam Dan Adat Minangkabau Damanik, Wahda Hilwani; Muwafikka, Anna; Anggraini, Anggi Egi
Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab Vol 3, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab

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Abstract

Transgender individuals often face challenges in claiming inheritance rights due to legal and cultural perceptions of gender identity. This study aims to examine how Islamic law and Minangkabau customary law regulate inheritance rights for transgender people. The research uses normative and sociological approaches, analyzing legal texts and conducting interviews with religious and traditional leaders. In Islamic law, transgender individuals may be entitled to inheritance if their gender status is clearly recognized both legally and medically. On the other hand, Minangkabau customary law, which follows a matrilineal system, allows transgender individuals to inherit movable property (pusaka rendah) if they conform to female social roles, but denies them access to ancestral property (pusaka tinggi). The findings indicate that both legal systems still lack comprehensive protection and recognition for transgender individuals in matters of inheritance. Therefore, reinterpretation and reform are needed to ensure fair and inclusive inheritance rights that reflect the social realities of today. Keywords: transgender, inheritance law, Islamic law, Minangkabau
Implikasi Yuridis Ketentuan Pencatatan Perkawinan Siri Dalam UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 Terhadap Status Keperdataan Istri Dan Anak (Analisis Putusan MK NO. 46/PUU-VIII/2010) Anggraini, Anggi Egi; Ananda, Faisar; Turnip, Ibnu Radwan Siddiq
AS-SAIS (JURNAL HUKUM TATA NEGARA/SIYASAH) Vol 9, No 1 (2025): AS-SAIS : Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara / Siyasah
Publisher : Hukum tata Negara/Siyasah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/as-sais.v9i1.25188

Abstract

ABSTRACKMarriage registration as stipulated in Article 2 paragraph (2) of Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage is a formal requirement for a marriage to be legally recognized by the state and to produce civil legal consequences. In practice, unregistered marriages, known as siri marriages—those conducted according to religious norms but not officially recorded—remain prevalent in Indonesia. These types of marriages raise significant legal issues, particularly regarding the civil status of the wife and child. The wife in a siri marriage is not legally protected in terms of her marital rights, while the child often has legal ties only to the mother and her family. This research aims to examine the legal implications of the registration requirement on the civil status of wives and children in siri marriages, and to analyze the impact of Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 on the legal status of children born outside of officially recognized marriages. The method used is normative juridical research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The findings show that while the Court's decision grants civil recognition to children based on biological evidence, the legal position of wives in siri marriages remains unprotected. Legal reform is urgently needed to ensure justice and legal certainty for women and children.Keywords:  Juridical Implications, Registration, Unregistered Marriage ABSTRAKPencatatan perkawinan sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 2 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan merupakan syarat formal agar suatu perkawinan sah secara hukum negara dan menimbulkan akibat hukum keperdataan. Dalam praktiknya, masih banyak terjadi perkawinan siri, yaitu perkawinan yang sah secara agama tetapi tidak dicatatkan pada instansi resmi. Perkawinan siri menimbulkan persoalan hukum serius, terutama terhadap status keperdataan istri dan anak. Istri tidak memperoleh perlindungan hukum atas hak-haknya dalam perkawinan, sedangkan anak yang dilahirkan dari hubungan tersebut kerap kali hanya memiliki hubungan hukum dengan ibu dan keluarganya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji implikasi yuridis ketentuan pencatatan perkawinan terhadap status keperdataan istri dan anak dalam perkawinan siri, serta menganalisis pengaruh Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010 terhadap perubahan status hukum anak luar kawin. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Putusan MK telah memberikan pengakuan hukum terhadap anak luar kawin yang dapat dibuktikan hubungan biologisnya dengan ayah, posisi hukum istri dalam perkawinan siri masih belum mendapatkan pengakuan yang memadai. Diperlukan pembaruan hukum dan instrumen pelindung yang lebih adil bagi perempuan dan anak dalam sistem hukum nasional.Kata kunci: Impilikasi Yuridis, Pencatatan, Perkawinan Siri, Keperdataan Istri dan Anak,
INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE INHERITANCE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BASED ON FARAIDH LAW Anggraini, Anggi Egi
AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara Medan

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Abstract

The development of digital technology offers new opportunities in resolving the challenges of inheritance distribution under faraidh, which has long been considered complex and prone to calculation errors. The main challenges include the diversity of heirs’ conditions, differences in interpretation among Islamic schools of thought, integration with national legal systems, and the protection of sensitive family data. On the other hand, the opportunities presented are efficiency, accuracy, transparency, and the educational function of helping society better understand inheritance distribution in accordance with Islamic law. This study aims to analyze how technology can assist in addressing inheritance distribution issues, particularly through the use of digital applications designed to automatically calculate heirs’ shares.The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method. Data were obtained through literature studies on Islamic inheritance law, academic publications in information technology, and direct analysis of inheritance distribution applications. The research materials consist of digital inheritance calculators such as Hitung Waris and In Waris, which are used as samples to evaluate the effectiveness, strengths, and weaknesses of each application in practice. The analysis compares the applications’ calculation results with the requirements of faraidh law and examines the extent to which these applications meet societal needs. The findings are expected to provide a comprehensive overview of the contribution of technology in supporting the implementation of faraidh, while also highlighting the limitations that need improvement so that such applications can be more optimally utilized in the future.
Co-Authors Ananda, Faisar Damanik, Wahda Hilwani Fikri, Muhammad Rausyan Muwafikka, Anna Panjaitan, Amin Rahmad Turnip, Ibnu Radwan Siddiq