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All Journal Journal of Contemporary Islamic Education International Journal of Law and Society
Aboubacar Barry
International University of Africa, Sudan
Religion Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Reformulation of Mu'tazilah Theology and the Birth of al-Ash'ariyah Theology as Moderate Islamic Understanding Fahrul Rozi; Mutohharun Jinan; Iyas Ali Nurani; Aboubacar Barry
Journal of Contemporary Islamic Education Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Contemporary Islamic Education
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Ma'arif NU (IAIMNU) Metro Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25217/jcie.v5i1.5116

Abstract

The turmoil between Mu'tazilah and al-Ash'ari refers to a significant difference in the views of Kalam. The theological reformulation from Mu'tazilah to al-Ash'ari carried out by Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari combined the textualist methods of the Salaf with the rationalist Mu'tazilah, known as the moderate Islamic school. This research focuses on the conflict and values ​​that were reformulated based on the history and shifts in thought between Mu'tazilah and al-Ash'ari. Therefore, this study aims to provide an overview of the initial values ​​of Mu'tazilah thought and the shifts that occurred after al-Ash`ari reformulated the thought. This study uses a qualitative research method by looking at various written sources. So, the reference source for this study is the literature. Data collection techniques through documentation were then analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. The interpretation method is used to analyze the data. This aims to interpret the object of understanding according to the way the researcher understands it. The results of this study explain the reformulation of Mu'tazilah ideas to al-Ash`ari related to the main points of God's Recognition, human free will, and God's justice, as well as the role of reason and revelation, which are too dominant in the use of rationality. In Indonesia, this reformulation is known as Moderate Islam with various practices internalized in Indonesian culture, such as a friendly attitude towards others, maintaining peace, and the ability to accept and handle differences.
Rambu Solo Funeral Tradition in Toraja: A Legal, Ethical and Economic Model for Cultural Tourism Muthoifin; Muhammad Iqbal; Nuha; Aboubacar Barry; Rezaul Islam
International Journal of Law and Society Vol 5 No 1 (2026): International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)
Publisher : NAJAHA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59683/ijls.v5i1.139

Abstract

The Rambu Solo funeral tradition of the Torajan people constitutes a prominent form of cultural tourism that raises unresolved normative tensions between religious law, cultural preservation, and economic development. Although extensively examined from anthropological and tourism perspectives, limited scholarly attention has been devoted to its evaluation within Islamic legal discourse, particularly regarding normative boundaries and ethical engagement in non-Islamic ritual environments. This study addresses this gap by examining Rambu Solo through a primarily normative Islamic legal framework, informed by ethical, socio-legal, and socio-economic perspectives. Employing a qualitative normative literature review, the study is grounded in the principles of usul al-fiqh and maqasid al-shariah, with socio-legal and economic aspects functioning as analytical contexts. The analysis combines textual examination of classical fiqh sources with contemporary Islamic legal scholarship and anthropological studies on Torajan culture. Legal reasoning applies juristic classification (ahkam taklifiyyah) alongside maqasid-based evaluation to assess cultural practices according to the criteria of tawhid, hurmat al-mayyit, and public interest (maslahah). The findings indicate that social and economic dimensions of Rambu Solo, including communal solidarity and local economic welfare, are normatively permissible and ethically consistent with Islamic principles. In contrast, ritual elements involving ancestral veneration or symbolic invocation of spirits exceed permissible boundaries due to conflict with Islamic monotheism. The study proposes a balanced legal–ethical model distinguishing permissible cultural participation from prohibited ritual engagement. Theoretically, this research advances Islamic legal studies by extending normative analysis to cultural tourism governance and by offering guidance for policymakers and Muslim communities developing tourism practices.
Co-Authors Fahrul Rozi Iyas Ali Nurani Muhammad Iqbal Muthoifin Mutohharun Jinan Nuha Rezaul Islam