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Yanifitri , Dewi Behtri
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction due to Anti-TB Drug Allergy in TB-HIV Patient: A Case Report Yanifitri , Dewi Behtri; Arliny, Yunita; Hayati, Rahmi
Respiratory Science Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v5i2.164

Abstract

Background: In people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death, with a 20 times higher risk of developing active TB compared to people without HIV. PLHIV are also at higher risk of experiencing cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADR) caused by anti-TB drugs. The delayed therapy of TB caused by CADR might make TB management more difficult. Case: A 23-year-old male with clinically confirmed pulmonary TB on intensive phase anti-TB therapy experienced erythroderma due to allergies to anti-TB drugs and stage III HIV. In the drug challenge, it was found that the patient showed an allergic reaction in the form of a reddish rash that spread widely on the anterior and posterior thorax and abdomen after consuming rifampicin and pyrazinamide. Discussion: The patient's treatment was then added with cetirizine and methylprednisolone. The anti-TB drugs will be given for 9 months, with the intensive phase of 2 months, and the continuation phase of 7 months. Conclusion: There is a very high risk of CADR in TB patients with HIV infection. Monitoring the side effects of anti-TB regularly and identifying immediately which anti-TB drug causes the allergy is significant as the key to managing CADR in TB-HIV patients. Anti-TB drug provocation tests for each drug and a gradual dose increase are carried out if the clinical CADR has disappeared or improved.
Co-Authors Hayati, Rahmi Yunita Arliny