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Penegakan Asas Legalitas Terhadap Living Law Sebagai Dasar Hukum dalam Positivisme Pemindahan Hukum Adat Juita Sari Manalu; Budiman Sinaga
Advokasi Hukum & Demokrasi (AHD) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Advokasi Hukum & Demokrasi (AHD)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Prof Gayus Lumbuun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61234/ahd.v2i2.77

Abstract

Living law is an inseparable part of the Indonesian criminal law system. However, in perspective of legality principle, living law causing pros and cons. The idea of regulating the living law in Indonesian, as the basis for criminal prosecution, for unregulated act is still debated. The issue that will be analysed in this article is how to apply living law/adat law as a basis for prosecuting criminals related to the existence of legality principle and, how to measure the enforcement of living law in criminal process. Based on the analysis using the principle of legality, it can be concluded that living law, as basis for prosecution, is contrary to principle of legality and protection of human rights. The enactment of living law can potentially create legal uncertainty and abuse of power by the government. Law enforcement against living law is also difficult to implement, because it is tied to the four indicators. Therefore, the living law provision better not be placed as part of general principles in the Indonesian Penal Code Bill. Keywords: Code Bill: Legality principle; Living law.
LEGAL REVIEW OF ABUSE OF POWER BY REGIONAL HEADS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW Pasrah Kasih Sejati Hulu; Janpatar Simamora; Budiman Sinaga
Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18459700

Abstract

This study aims to examine the legal aspects of abuse of power by regional heads from a constitutional law perspective. Regional heads, as public officials, have limited authority regulated by laws and regulations. However, in practice, it is not uncommon to find regional heads who abuse their authority for personal or group interests, which ultimately harms the public interest and violates the principles of democracy and the rule of law. The method used in this study is a normative legal approach, by examining relevant laws and regulations, such as Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government and Law Number 30 of 2014. The results of the study indicate that abuse of power by regional heads constitutes a violation of the principles of accountability, transparency, and the rule of law in the Indonesian constitutional system. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the supervisory system and a firm law enforcement mechanism to prevent and prosecute abuse of power by regional heads. This study recommends reformulating the supervisory and guidance policies for regional heads as an effort to strengthen the principles of good governance in the implementation of regional government.
KEDUDUKAN LIVING LAW SEBAGAI PRANATA HUKUM DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG No. 1 TAHUN 2023 TENTANG KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA Fransiskus takdir dachi; Budiman Sinaga
Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Januari
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Uin Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i2.64905

Abstract

Abstrak Indonesia sebagai negara hukum menganut asas legalitas dalam sistem hukum pidananya, sebagaimana tercermin dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP). Namun, perkembangan masyarakat yang plural dan berakar pada nilai-nilai budaya lokal menuntut pengakuan terhadap hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat (living law), khususnya hukum adat. Pengesahan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP menandai perubahan paradigma hukum pidana nasional dengan mengakomodasi keberlakuan living law sebagai dasar pemidanaan tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dasar pertimbangan filosofis, yuridis, dan sosiologis pengakuan living law sebagai pranata hukum dalam KUHP 2023. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengakuan living law dalam KUHP 2023 merupakan perwujudan dari nilai-nilai Pancasila, pengakuan konstitusional terhadap masyarakat hukum adat, serta upaya mewujudkan keadilan substantif yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Keberadaan living law diposisikan sebagai pengecualian terbatas terhadap asas legalitas, sepanjang memenuhi syarat masih hidup, berkembang dalam masyarakat, serta tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia dan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Dengan demikian, integrasi living law dalam hukum pidana nasional menjadi langkah strategis dalam membangun sistem hukum yang berkeadilan, berkepribadian, dan berakar pada nilai-nilai budaya bangsa. Kata kunci: living law, hukum adat, hukum pidana, KUHP 2023, asas legalitas   Abstract Indonesia, as a state governed by law, adheres to the principle of legality in its criminal law system, as reflected in the Criminal Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana/KUHP). However, the development of a plural society rooted in local cultural values necessitates the recognition of law living within society (living law), particularly customary law. The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code signifies a paradigm shift in national criminal law by accommodating the applicability of living law as a basis for certain forms of criminal liability. This study aims to analyze the philosophical, juridical, and sociological foundations for the recognition of living law as a legal institution within the 2023 Criminal Code. The research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches, conducted through a literature review of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that the recognition of living law in the 2023 Criminal Code represents the embodiment of Pancasila values, constitutional recognition of customary law communities, and efforts to realize substantive justice that lives within society. The position of living law is construed as a limited exception to the principle of legality, provided that it remains alive and develops within society and does not conflict with human rights principles and the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Therefore, the integration of living law into national criminal law constitutes a strategic step toward building a just legal system with national character and rooted in the cultural values of the Indonesian people. Keywords: living law, customary law, criminal law, Criminal Code 2023, principle of legality.
PENANGANAN PENIPUAN BERMODUS DUKUN DALAM KESADARAN MASYARAKAT MASA KINI Formansyah Gea; Budiman Sinaga
Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Januari
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Uin Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i2.65014

Abstract

Abstrak Praktik perdukunan merupakan fenomena sosial yang telah mengakar dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia, terutama di wilayah pedesaan. Dalam perkembangannya, praktik ini menimbulkan perdebatan hukum karena sering kali dikaitkan dengan penipuan, penyalahgunaan kepercayaan, serta potensi pelanggaran terhadap ketertiban umum. Berdasarkan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) maupun Rancangan KUHP (RKUHP), praktik perdukunan dapat dijerat melalui ketentuan mengenai perbuatan yang menyesatkan masyarakat atau pernyataan memiliki kekuatan gaib yang dapat merugikan orang lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin, dan asas-asas hukum pidana terkait. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa belum terdapat pengaturan eksplisit mengenai perdukunan dalam KUHP yang berlaku, sehingga penegakan hukum terhadap praktik ini bergantung pada pembuktian unsur penipuan atau pembohongan publik. Namun, RKUHP telah memberikan landasan normatif yang lebih tegas dengan memasukkan ketentuan mengenai klaim memiliki kekuatan gaib sebagai tindak pidana. Dengan demikian, pembaharuan hukum pidana nasional diharapkan dapat memberikan kepastian hukum sekaligus memperhatikan nilai-nilai hukum yang hidup (living law) dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Kata kunci: Perdukunan, Hukum Pidana, Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana, Rancangan Kitab Undang-undnag Hukum Pidana, Living Law.   Abstract The practice of shamanism (perdukunan) is a social phenomenon deeply rooted in Indonesian society, particularly within rural communities. Over time, this practice has raised legal debates as it is often associated with fraud, abuse of trust, and potential violations of public order. Based on the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) and the Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP), shamanistic practices may be prosecuted under provisions concerning acts that mislead the public or claims of possessing supernatural powers that cause harm to others. This study employs a normative juridical approach by examining statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant principles of criminal law. The analysis reveals that there is currently no explicit regulation regarding shamanism in the existing Criminal Code, resulting in law enforcement depending on the proof of elements of fraud or public deception. However, the Draft Criminal Code provides a clearer normative foundation by explicitly criminalizing claims of possessing supernatural powers. Therefore, the reform of national criminal law is expected to ensure legal certainty while accommodating the living law and social values inherent in Indonesian society. Keywords: Shamanism, Criminal Law, KUHP, RKUHP, Living Law.