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All Journal Journal of Aafiyah Health Research (JAHR)
Diennillah, Fathannia Rizky
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Health Professions Public Health

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The Role of Clusterin (CLU) in the Pathogenesis of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Mechanisms and Potential as a Biomarker: Peran Clusterin (CLU) dalam Patogenesis Hiperplasia Prostat Jinak: Mekanisme dan Potensi sebagai Biomarker Reza, Muhammad Alfi; Krisna, Muhammad Sidharta; Diennillah, Fathannia Rizky; Putri, Jihan Asma; Yulianto, Andy
Journal of Aafiyah Health Research (JAHR) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): JANUARY-JUNE
Publisher : Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52103/jahr.v5i1.2036

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological condition characterized by excessive proliferation of prostate epithelial and stromal cells, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms. Clusterin (CLU), a multifunctional glycoprotein, has been implicated in various cellular processes, including apoptosis regulation, inflammation, and autophagy. However, its exact role in BPH pathogenesis remains unclear. Objective: This study aims to analyze the role of CLU in the molecular mechanisms underlying BPH and evaluate its potential as a biomarker for disease progression. Method: A comprehensive analysis of recent literature was conducted to examine CLU expression in BPH tissues and its interactions with inflammatory pathways, hormonal regulation, and cellular homeostasis mechanisms such as apoptosis and autophagy. The study also reviewed CLU’s involvement in epithelial-stromal interactions and its correlation with disease severity. Results: Increased CLU expression in hyperplastic prostate tissues is associated with chronic inflammation, contributing to aberrant cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance. CLU interacts with inflammatory markers such as TNF-α and IL-6, promoting a microenvironment conducive to disease progression. Additionally, CLU is involved in autophagy dysregulation, which may further sustain cellular survival and resistance to apoptosis. Evidence suggests that hormonal factors, particularly androgens and estrogens, regulate CLU expression, linking it to prostate tissue remodeling. These findings highlight CLU as a potential biomarker for assessing BPH severity and progression. Conclusion: CLU plays a critical role in BPH pathogenesis by modulating inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and cellular homeostasis. Its increased expression in hyperplastic prostate tissues suggests that it may serve as a novel biomarker for disease progression. However, further studies are needed to validate its clinical applicability and explore targeted therapies aimed at CLU modulation to improve BPH management.
The Long-Term Urological Consequences of Anabolic Steroid Abuse: A Narrative Review: Konsekuensi Urologi Jangka Panjang dari Penyalahgunaan Steroid Anabolik: Sebuah Narasi Reza, Muhammad Alfi; Krisna, Muhammad Sidharta; Diennillah, Fathannia Rizky; S. , Suriani; Yulianto, Andy
Journal of Aafiyah Health Research (JAHR) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): JULY-DECEMBER
Publisher : Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52103/jahr.v5i2.2037

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AAS) have been widely used to enhance muscle mass and physical performance. However, their prolonged use has been associated with various adverse effects on urological health, including hypogonadism, infertility, erectile dysfunction (ED), and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis due to AAS leads to significant hormonal imbalances and long-term reproductive consequences. Objective: This study aims to review the urological effects of AAS, focusing on their impact on testosterone levels, spermatogenesis, erectile function, and prostate health. The review highlights potential risks and clinical implications for individuals using AAS. Method: A narrative review was conducted by analyzing relevant studies from PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct published between 2014-2024. Articles were selected based on their relevance to the impact of AAS on urological health, particularly hypogonadism, infertility, ED, and BPH. Data from clinical trials, cohort studies, and systematic reviews were synthesized to provide a comprehensive analysis. Results: Chronic AAS use significantly reduces endogenous testosterone production, leading to hypogonadism and associated symptoms such as fatigue, decreased libido, and mood disturbances. Studies indicate a strong correlation between AAS use and impaired spermatogenesis, with some cases resulting in irreversible infertility. Moreover, AAS users have a higher prevalence of ED compared to non-users due to hormonal imbalances and psychological factors. Excessive androgen stimulation is also linked to an increased risk of prostate enlargement, potentially leading to urinary complications. Conclusion: The long-term use of AAS poses substantial risks to urological health, necessitating awareness and early intervention. Regular medical monitoring and cessation strategies are essential to mitigate these adverse effects. Further research is needed to develop effective rehabilitation and treatment options for individuals experiencing AAS-related urological complications.
Co-Authors Krisna, Muhammad Sidharta Putri, Jihan Asma Reza, Muhammad Alfi S. , Suriani Yulianto, Andy