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An Error Analysis of Pakistani ESL Learners’ Written Manuscripts at University Level Bibi Halima; Dr. Rasib Mahmood; Aqsa Atta; Nuzhat Nawaz
Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol. 5 No. 4: JMPHSS
Publisher : Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33152/jmphss-5.4.3

Errors are the most common possibility in the ESL learning process and Error Analysis, a never ending venture, remains an ongoing area of research as long as people continue to learn second or foreign language. Similarly, the present study aims to diagnose learners' linguistic choices and it categorizes errors in order to study competence and performance of participants in target language. Corder's (1974) procedural method of error analysis is followed as theoretical framework; the present article analyzes the written manuscripts of Pakistani graduating ESL learners. The corpus consisted of data collected through 200 students’ written work from two different faculties i.e., Basic Sciences and Computer Science. Data is collected through purposive sampling technique from first year university students. The study identifies, classifies, and explains seven classes of errors as follow: lexical errors, syntactic errors, morphological errors, semantic errors, errors of articles, spelling errors and online language errors. Results show that learners are influenced by the patterns of their L1; consequently, they translate, borrow, and rely more on L1. It suggests that they may be familiar with the rules of the target language but due to lack of practice, they cannot perform well. Also, findings of the study confirm that spelling, articles, and online language errors are the most common. The study concludes with a suggestion to look for constructive pedagogical strategies to reduce the high frequency of these errors in ESL classrooms in Pakistani context. The present study may act as a feedback for students and a clue of modification in pedagogical methodologies and syllabus design for teachers.

An Analysis of Multimodal Narrative and Cognitive Construction of Identity in "Are You My Mother?" Scott McCloud and Erik Erikson’s Perspectives Merwa Khalid; Dr. Rasib Mahmood; Aqsa Atta; Bibi Halima
Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol. 5 No. 6: JMPHSS
Publisher : Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33152/jmphss-5.6.5

For the past few decades, multimodal narratives hold a unique place in the contemporary world of literature. These distinctive trends of narratives are preoccupied with the representation of highly verbalized self-consciousness and cognitive development of identity. Taking the theoretical concepts of Scott McCloud and Erik Erikson into consideration, this paper explores the visual and verbal expression of Bechdel’s Are You My Mother? to understand the presentation of cognition in a mixed-media environment of the graphic novel. This study is limited to the focal character of the graphic novel, and selected eight images are analyzed to answer research questions. McCloud’s theoretical model deals with visual structure whereas, Erickson's conceptions examine verbal expression of the novel. The findings reveal that both pictorial and written assertion of the selected narrative is overbrimming with dispersed references to the character’s cognitive state. Moreover, it also inspects Bechdel’s complex personality; she struggles hard to resolve her psychosocial crisis in different stages of life but succeeds in accepting and maintain her identity through the therapeutic process and writing. This study is also a call for those who think reading comics is labor; it tracks the way for readers to reach the cognitive functioning of characters in multimodal narratives.

Disobedient Bodies in Digital Surveillance: V for Vendetta as a Holy Grail of Political Agency Shumaila Noreen; Dr. Rasib Mahmood; Shahida Riaz
Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol. 6 No. 2: JMPHSS
Publisher : Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33152/jmphss-6.2.8

Foucault’s notion of surveillance and panoptic gaze is notoriously implied in postmodernist discourse to exercise control and turn individual minds into docile automatic subjects. Both these concepts assert that power and knowledge are produced by the dominant center to demolish self-respect and promises absolute subjugation. This study aims at investigating the relevance of postmodern narratives in questioning the dictatorial as well as despotic role of capitalist powers and the repercussions it can have on individuals. The current research argues that power can also emanate from the periphery to counter the overarching hegemonic notions of authoritative control. Through a detailed analysis of visual narrative, i.e., V for Vendetta, the study revolves around the discursive nature of digital surveillance and the upholding of revolutionary libertarian thoughts and claims that an extreme discipline can lead to extreme forms of disobedience and resistance amongst masses. Foucault’s revolutionary idealism of V in Guy Fawkes Mask is an epitome of universalizing proclivity for political agency and freedom of thought. By employing qualitative research methodology, the study makes an in-depth content analysis of the movie, i.e., V for Vendetta. The research contributes to the literary corpus by digging deep in the implications and repercussions that digitalization of everyday life may result into. The uses of e-governance, though practical, can result in suppression and totalitarian governments. Although the subversion of ideological-cum-institutional repression at the cost of life and self seems deflating, the masses all disguised in mask highlights their anonymity and collective resistance towards the attainment of a utopian world.

Modality in the Selected Continents Airlines’ COVID-19 Instructions: A Corpus-Based Study Rabia Naz; Dr. Rasib Mahmood; Aqsa Atta
Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol. 6 No. 1: JMPHSS
Publisher : Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33152/jmphss-6.1.8

Modal verbs are generally critical in expressing an opinion and assist in the depiction of future events. This work represents and analyzes the function and frequency of modal verbs used in airlines' guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic. By employing a mixed-methods approach, the corpus was analyzed using Antconc 3.5.8.0. The data were categorized into six components, including ability, possibility, permission, prediction, acknowledgment, and obligation. The findings show that in African and Asian Airlines’ instructions, modal verbs are used to share their opinion related to the instructions for the future. Also, findings reveal that ‘can' and ‘will’ are used to predict possible events. Furthermore, findings show that in European airlines' instructions, the obligatory modal verb ‘must’ is used to enforce their instruction for better comprehension. Additionally, findings also show that Asian writers are more aligned towards using modal verbs than Middle East writers who are least concerned about using modal verbs. The most recurring modal verb used by the writers is their predictive modal verb ‘will’ and the obligatory modal verb ‘must.' This study implies that readers should be conscious of the writer's stance marking since it may affect the mind and exploit ideas.

Gender and Socio-Cultural representations in Oral Literature: Documentation and Literary Study of the Oral Story "Justice in Jungle" Dr. Rasib Mahmood; Dr. Mueezuddin Hakal
Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol. 6 No. 3: JMPHSS
Publisher : Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33152/jmphss-6.3.10

Lust and loyalty are interlinked concepts that have a history as old as that of human beings. Human psychology and emotions have gone through different phases of development, yet these two emotions still exist. Literature being the true depiction of human life is full of stories of the human lust for power and search for loyalty. English writers such as William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlow, and Francis Bacon have highlighted these concepts in their literary oeuvre. These writers have mentioned dimensions of these concepts that are instrumental in laying out the specific instinctual flaws and follies of human beings. This research paper investigates these human characteristics being portrayed through fictionalized and dramatized accounts in the oral sources of literature in Sargodha. The oral sources of literature in Sargodha are interpreted for the exploration of the role of both male and female characters and their emotions in ancient Punjab. The research is qualitative in nature, and the primary source of oral data is collected in a recorded form. Moreover, different genre-specific books, research articles, and online resources have been consulted for the purpose of analysis and discussion. The story of Justice in Jungle is primarily documented and translated into English by the researcher. The findings show that the basic innate potentialities of different cultures and their inhabitants remain unaltered despite the literal uniqueness of the specific regions. The research is innovative in the way that it explores the universal human traits in the documented oral story and thus serves to authenticate the socio-cultural purview of the local oral literature of Pakistan.

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