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All Journal Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Indonesian Journal of Medicine
Nugroho, Septyan Dwi
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Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Relationship Between Smoking and Ischemic Stroke: Meta Analysis Sakinah, Sakinah; Nugroho, Septyan Dwi
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 7 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.01.10

Abstract

Background: Ischemic stroke is a non-communicable disease that has irreversible and modifiable risk factors. One of the risk factors that can be changed in preventing ischemic stroke is smoking behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking and the incidence of ischemic stroke from several previous studies. Subjects and Method: This article was compiled with a systematic review and meta-analysis study. This study uses the PICO model as follows. Population= Patients at Risk of Ischemic Stroke, Intervention= Smoking, Comparison= Not Smoking, and Outcome= Ischemic Stroke Incidence. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases including PubMed and ScienceDirect. This article was collected within 1 month. The keywords to search for articles were as follows: Current AND Smoking OR Tobacco OR Cigarettes AND Hypertension AND "Ischemic Stroke" OR CVA (Cerebrovascular Accident). Results: Nine articles reviewed in this meta-analysis were from Lebanon, Mexico, Pakistan, Finland, Pakistan, United States of America, Saudi Arabia, Bangladesh, Iran. In this study, smokers had a 1.66 times risk of developing an ischemic stroke compared to nonsmokers and it was statistically significant (aOR= 1.66; 95%CI= 1.48 to 1.86; p< 0.001). People who smoked had a 1.66 times risk. experienced the incidence of isleemic stroke compared to non-smokers and was statistically significant (aOR= 1.66; 95%CI= 1.48 to 1.86; p< 0.001). Conclusion: Smoking has a relationship with the occurrence of ischemic stroke in at-risk patients. Keywords: smoking, hypertension, ischemic stroke. Correspondence: Septyan Dwi Nugroho. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: septyandwin@gmail.com. Mobile: 081804418933.
Effects of Virtual Reality Therapy and Range of Motion Exercise on Range of Motion in Stroke Patients: Meta-Analysis Nugroho, Septyan Dwi; Tamtomo, Didik; Prasetya, Hanung
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (31.265 KB)

Abstract

Background: Stroke is a disease caused by interference with blood flow in the brain which is still a global problem today. Post-stroke care needs to be done to prevent the worsening of the condition. One of the right interventions that can be done is virtual reality therapy and range of motion exercise. This study aims to examine, analyze and estimate changes in the range of motion of stroke patients with virtual reality therapy and range of motion exercise.Subjects and Method: Metaanalysis was carried out according to the PRISMA flow chart and the PICO model (Population: stroke patients, Intervention: virtual reality therapy and range of motion exercise, Comparison: not performed virtual reality therapy and range of motion exercise Outcome: range of motion). The databases used are Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. The keywords used (“virtual reality” OR VR) AND (stroke OR CVD) AND (“range of motion exercise” OR ROM OR “motor exercise”) AND (stroke OR CVD) AND “Randomized Control Trial”. The inclusion criteria were full-text articles with RCT studies published in 2012-2022, articles in English, and bivariate and multivariate analysis. Analysis was performed using ReVman 5.3.Results: There were 20 articles with a randomized control trial design originating from Iran, Turkey, China, Egypt, Myanmar, South Korea, Spain, the Netherlands, Italy, Switzerland, and Canada involving 799 people. A meta-analysis of 10 RCT studies concluded that virtual reality therapy increased the range of motion of stroke patients by 2.77 units (SMD= 2.77; 95% CI = 1.29 to 4.24; p<0.001) compared to no virtual reality therapy. In addition, the range of motion exercise intervention can also increase the stroke patient's range of motion by 0.84 units (SMD= 0.84; 95% CI= 0.35 to 1.33; p<0.001) compared to not being given range of motion exercise.Conclusion: Virtual Reality Therapy and Range of Motion exercises can increase the range of motion of stroke patients.Keywords: virtual reality therapy, range of motion exercise, stroke, range of motion, meta-analysis.Correspondence: Septyan Dwi Nugroho. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: septyandwin@gmail.com. Mobile: 081804418933.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(01): 23-36https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2023.08.01.03
Co-Authors Didik Tamtomo, Didik Prasetya, Hanung Sakinah Sakinah