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All Journal Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan (JESP)
Ghania Atiqasani
Universitas Lampung
Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Determinants of Public Debt Ratio in Middle-Income Countries Ghania Atiqasani; Nairobi Nairobi; Arif Darmawan
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v12i2.6352

Abstract

The existence of the Covid-19 pandemic, which hampers mobility and productivity, creates a slowdown in the movement of the wheels of the economy, thus indirectly requiring several countries to increase their sources of revenue through public debt to meet the needs of the people and maintain economic stability in each country. the problems faced by middle-income countries are related to the participation of government and other public institutions both in the formulation of public policies, the management of public resources, to the realization of human rights that should be free from abuse of the position of relevant policymakers. As a result, not a few countries experience uncertainty about the actual situation from public accounts, which has encouraged the creation of doubts and conflicts among the public about the role of governments in dealing with the global economic crisis, which among others, is illustrated through several economic problems that occur in middle-income countries. The purpose of this study is to answer the question of whether, in middle-income countries, the factors of the previous year's debt-to-GDP ratio, fiscal transparency, corruption, and e-budgeting simultaneously and partially influence the debt-to-GDP balance in 74 middle-income countries in 2021. The method used is OLS regression analysis of cross-section data. This study found that the previous year's debt accumulation significantly affected the debt ratio to GDP. Meanwhile, fiscal transparency and the implementation of e-budgeting hurt the insignificant debt-to-GDP ratio; corruption has a little positive effect on the debt-to-GDP ratio.
The Impact of the Russia and Ukraine War on Indonesian Economic and Trade Performance Arif Darmawan; Nairobi Nairobi; Roby Rakhmadi; Ghania Atiqasani
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan Vol 15, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um002v15i12023p036

Abstract

The Russian military invasion of Ukraine surprisingly impacted the world's geopolitical situation. The conflict that started at the end of February is ongoing, potentially disrupting economic and trade performance in the global sector, including Indonesia. The battle has the opportunity to increase some food commodity prices, thus hampering the total imports carried out. In addition, other leading commodities (non-oil and gas) such as gold, oil, and coal will also experience significant turmoil due to the conflict that has continued to heat up recently. The study provides an overview of the systemic impact on Indonesia's economic conditions by predicting the short-term possibilities. This study investigates the Russia-Ukraine conflict's initial estimate of the net import value of the two countries and other trading partners. This study uses independent variables, namely oil and gas commodities and gold prices over eleven years (2000-2021). Error Correction Model (ECM) is an analytical method used in this study. This research expects to give an overview to academia, business, industry, and the government in anticipating Indonesia's economic and trade performance to the crisis in Russia and Ukraine. Thus, it is hoped that this research can be used as an illustration of the government to make decisions in allocating import values amid the polemic between Russia and Ukraine so that trade values can be optimal.
Co-Authors Arif Darmawan Nairobi Roby Rakhmadi