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Relationship Between Family Income and Food Insecurity Regarding Underweight Incidents in Children Under 5 Years Old, In 2024 Santos Amaral, Jessica dos; Conceicao Pacheco, Aniceto da; Elvis Fatima, Tomas; Magno, Jerminal; Carvalho, Marcos; Anatolia Soares Maia Exposto, Levi
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 4 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i4.328

Abstract

Introduction: Based on the Food and Nutrition Survey of Timor-Leste 2020, it was shown that most children under five years old in 13 municipalities are suffering from underweight issues at a rate of 32.4%. In Dili municipality, the prevalence of underweight is reported at 27.4%. Objective:  This research is to understand the relationship between family income and food insecurity concerning underweight occurrences in children under five years old. Method: Research method utilized is a quantitative descriptive method with a cross- sectional approach. The population consists of mothers with children under five years old, totaling 274, with a sample size of 73 for the study. Result and Discussion: The univariate analysis shows that 56% of families have low income, and food insecurity is prevalent, with 26% experiencing severe insecurity. Based on food recall, 60% have poor food security, while the FFQ indicator shows 63% in poor condition. Underweight malnutrition affects 22% of children, with 55% experiencing poor nutrition. Family income significantly correlates with underweight cases (p=0.02), and food insecurity is also significant (p=0.01). The multivariate analysis shows an R-squared value of 20.2%. Conclusion: Research in Fomento II Village, Dili, in 2024 confirms a significant relationship between family income, food insecurity, and underweight cases in children under five
The Association Between the Family’s Income, number of family, and Knowledge with Stunting Carvalho, Marcos; Anatolia Soares Maia Exposto, Levi; Jorge Pereira, Santiago; Elvis Fátima, Tomas; Conceição Pacheco, Aniceto da
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 4 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i4.330

Abstract

Introduction: Timor-Leste has the highest prevalence of stunting compared to countries in the Asia Region and the sixth highest rate globally. RAEOA is the highest stunting number three in Timor-Leste. Objective: The objective is to find out the Association between the mothers' Education level, Occupation, family income, Total number of families, and mothers' knowledge of stunting. Method: The research design used quantitative research with a survey design using a selective cross-sectional approach. The sample is mothers who have children under five years. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Chi-square test for the single association and linear regression for multivariate association. Result and Discussion: The results found that the Association between the mother’s education and occupation is not significant with stunting. The Association between Family Income, the Number of Families, and Mother’s Knowledge is significant with stunting. A strong association between the Mother's Education, Occupation, Family Income, number of Families, and Mother's Knowledge with stunting. Conclusion: Concluded that the role of mothers in the golden phase is very important to prevent stunting in children. It is recommended that the Health Center and District Health Service intervene with health promotion programs to increase knowledge, prepare healthy food practices, and work with related institutions to solve the problem of stunting in Timor-Leste
Social Determinant Factors on HIV/AIDS Prevention in Marginalized Communities: Systematic Literature Review Carvalho, Marcos; Anatolia Soares Maia Exposto, Levi; Maria Umbelina Fernandes, Daniela Rolandia; Pereira Moniz, Elias; Conceicao Pacheco, Aniceto da
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 8 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i8.362

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infection that attacks the body’s immune system, specifically the white blood cells called CD4 cells. HIV destroys these CD4 cells, weakening a person’s immunity against opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis and fungal infections, severe bacterial infections, and some cancers. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the current social determinant factors of HIV/AIDS prevention in marginalized communities. The study employs the PRISMA Method to systematically review HIV/AIDS prevention articles from databases PUBMED, BMC, and Google Scholar. The review includes search, screening, data extraction, and analysis, with 40 papers acquired and a selection procedure to meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study finds a need for a comprehensive approach to combat the HIV epidemic, including addressing socioeconomic determinants like poverty, stigma, and healthcare access. Collaboration between policymakers, healthcare providers, and community members is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.