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All Journal KESANS : International Journal of Health and Science Journal Of World Science
Carvalho, Marcos
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Chemistry Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Engineering Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences

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Critical Determinant of Stroke Risk to Timorese People: Retrospective Analysis Carvalho, Marcos; S.M. Exposto, Levi Anatolia; da Conceição Pacheco, Aniceto
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 3 No 12 (2024): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v3i12.315

Abstract

Stroke is the leading cause of disability and the second most ruthless cause of death globally, in particular Timor-Leste. This paper aims to identify the risk factors for stroke in Timor-Leste. This study conducted a systematic literature review on three major databases PUBMED, BMJ, and Google Scholar. 50 articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only 4 articles produced data related to stroke in Timor-Leste. Data was analyzed using the PRISMA method. We found that the risk factors for stroke in Timor-Leste are high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol, Alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity. We conclude that Timor-Leste people need to manage and control their lifestyle to control hypertension, smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, limiting alcohol consumption, managing cholesterol, maintaining a healthy weight, and getting regular medical check-ups can help monitor risk factors for stroke. The implication of this study is healthy population is crucial for the supply of human resources to economic sectors.
Relationship Between Family Income and Food Insecurity Regarding Underweight Incidents in Children Under 5 Years Old, In 2024 Santos Amaral, Jessica dos; Conceicao Pacheco, Aniceto da; Elvis Fatima, Tomas; Magno, Jerminal; Carvalho, Marcos; Anatolia Soares Maia Exposto, Levi
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 4 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i4.328

Abstract

Introduction: Based on the Food and Nutrition Survey of Timor-Leste 2020, it was shown that most children under five years old in 13 municipalities are suffering from underweight issues at a rate of 32.4%. In Dili municipality, the prevalence of underweight is reported at 27.4%. Objective:  This research is to understand the relationship between family income and food insecurity concerning underweight occurrences in children under five years old. Method: Research method utilized is a quantitative descriptive method with a cross- sectional approach. The population consists of mothers with children under five years old, totaling 274, with a sample size of 73 for the study. Result and Discussion: The univariate analysis shows that 56% of families have low income, and food insecurity is prevalent, with 26% experiencing severe insecurity. Based on food recall, 60% have poor food security, while the FFQ indicator shows 63% in poor condition. Underweight malnutrition affects 22% of children, with 55% experiencing poor nutrition. Family income significantly correlates with underweight cases (p=0.02), and food insecurity is also significant (p=0.01). The multivariate analysis shows an R-squared value of 20.2%. Conclusion: Research in Fomento II Village, Dili, in 2024 confirms a significant relationship between family income, food insecurity, and underweight cases in children under five
The Association Between the Family’s Income, number of family, and Knowledge with Stunting Carvalho, Marcos; Anatolia Soares Maia Exposto, Levi; Jorge Pereira, Santiago; Elvis Fátima, Tomas; Conceição Pacheco, Aniceto da
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 4 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i4.330

Abstract

Introduction: Timor-Leste has the highest prevalence of stunting compared to countries in the Asia Region and the sixth highest rate globally. RAEOA is the highest stunting number three in Timor-Leste. Objective: The objective is to find out the Association between the mothers' Education level, Occupation, family income, Total number of families, and mothers' knowledge of stunting. Method: The research design used quantitative research with a survey design using a selective cross-sectional approach. The sample is mothers who have children under five years. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Chi-square test for the single association and linear regression for multivariate association. Result and Discussion: The results found that the Association between the mother’s education and occupation is not significant with stunting. The Association between Family Income, the Number of Families, and Mother’s Knowledge is significant with stunting. A strong association between the Mother's Education, Occupation, Family Income, number of Families, and Mother's Knowledge with stunting. Conclusion: Concluded that the role of mothers in the golden phase is very important to prevent stunting in children. It is recommended that the Health Center and District Health Service intervene with health promotion programs to increase knowledge, prepare healthy food practices, and work with related institutions to solve the problem of stunting in Timor-Leste
Social Determinant Factors on HIV/AIDS Prevention in Marginalized Communities: Systematic Literature Review Carvalho, Marcos; Anatolia Soares Maia Exposto, Levi; Maria Umbelina Fernandes, Daniela Rolandia; Pereira Moniz, Elias; Conceicao Pacheco, Aniceto da
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 8 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i8.362

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infection that attacks the body’s immune system, specifically the white blood cells called CD4 cells. HIV destroys these CD4 cells, weakening a person’s immunity against opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis and fungal infections, severe bacterial infections, and some cancers. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the current social determinant factors of HIV/AIDS prevention in marginalized communities. The study employs the PRISMA Method to systematically review HIV/AIDS prevention articles from databases PUBMED, BMC, and Google Scholar. The review includes search, screening, data extraction, and analysis, with 40 papers acquired and a selection procedure to meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study finds a need for a comprehensive approach to combat the HIV epidemic, including addressing socioeconomic determinants like poverty, stigma, and healthcare access. Collaboration between policymakers, healthcare providers, and community members is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Health Intervention for Dengue Prevention in Dili Municipality, Timor-Leste, 2024 Year da Conceicao Pacheco, Aniceto; S. M. Exposto, Levi Anatolia; A. O. de Oliveira, Felisbela; A. C. Quim, Jimedio; Borges Ximenes, Eliseba; Carvalho, Marcos
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 9 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i9.373

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral disease, causes significant public health problems, especially in countries with limited human resources for disease control and prevention. In Timor-Leste, every year, a new outbreak of dengue fever occurs. Objective: The study aimed to find out the Health Intervention for Dengue Prevention. Method: This study utilized quantitative descriptive research with a cross-sectional approach, targeting 97 households in Dili Municipality. A purposive sampling technique was used, and data were collected using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's Product-Moment correlation were used to analyze the data. Result and Discussion: The study found that health promotion is effective to preventing dengue with a success rate of 47.4% and a failure rate of 22.7%. A significant correlation was found between health promotion and dengue fever prevention. Fumigation was found to be the most effective method, with a 50.5% success rate and a 29.9% failure rate. Slaughter was also found to be effective, with a 45.4% success rate and 29.9% failure rate. Health promotion in preventing dengue fever in Timor-Leste is important. Conclusion: However, a lack of awareness and understanding hinders progress. Bottom-up strategies should involve all community members, not just those following best practices. The Ministry of Health is implementing fumigation campaigns, but environmental control, awareness raising, adoption, and empowerment are also needed.
Analysis Of Primary Health Care Activity Through The Integrated Health Program (Pis) In Ermera Municipality, Year 2025 Exposto, Levi Anatolia S.M.; Pacheco, Aniceto da Conceição; Goncalves, Marilia Juvi; Carvalho, Honoria de F. P.; Carvalho, Marcos
Journal of World Science Vol. 4 No. 10 (2025): Journal of World Science
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jws.v4i10.1523

Abstract

The distribution of health services is every effort carried out individually or collectively in an organization to maintain and improve health, prevent and cure diseases and restore the health of individuals, families, groups and communities. The study purpose to find out the primary health care activity through integrated health program in Ermera Municipality. The study used a qualitative descriptive method. The research was conducted at Sub-district 6 in Ermera District. Sample was 1287 heads of families in Ermera Municipality. Technical Analysis uses descriptive statistics. The results show that all citizens in Ermera have equal rights when undergoing treatment at the Health Post; those who do not make good progress for their health will continue to undergo treatment /health care at the Community Health Center. According to results, 90.4% of Ermera Municipality said “Yes” and 9.6% said “No”. Based on Post Administrative respondents said “Yes” 93.9% from Railaco, 94.9% from Letefoho, 70.9% from Hatólia B, 58.8% from Hatólia A, 95.7% from Ermera Vila, 97.9% from Atsabe. And some respondents answered “No” 41.2% from Hatolia A and 29.1% from Hatolia B is 29.1%, and Railaco is 6.1%. The study highlights the importance of Primary Health Care Activity through Integrated Health Program. Recommends to the Ermera municipal health service, the Ministry of Health and relevant parties to use the results of this research to make decisions and health interventions for society.
The Food Consumption Type and Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women in Baqui Community Health Centre, Pante Makasar Sub-Region, RAEOA, 2024 da Conceicao Pacheco, Aniceto; S.M. Exposto, Levi Anatolia; do Rosario, Adelaide Viegas; Goncalves, Marilia Juvi; de F. P. Carvalho, Honoria; Carvalho, Marcos
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 5 No 1 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v5i1.465

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnant women are in a period that determines the quality of human beings in the future because it develops the child's body through the condition of the fetus, in the mother's womb. Objective: The purpose of the research was to find out the Relationship of Food Consumption Type to the Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women. Method: The method used in this research is a quantitative study approach (Cross-Sectional), with a population of 130 mothers who brought their children to treatment at Baqui Health Centre. The data analysis technique used is Chi-square, and the analysis was conducted using SPSS version 22.0. Result and Discussion: Based on the results and discussion on the Relationship of Food Consumption Type (X1) Nutrition Status (Y) in Baqui Community Health Centre, 2024 finally showed that of the 32 respondents who gave answers on the Food Consumption Type Relationship with the category of Good Normal (15.6%), 31%, Less (31%) and less category Naton Normal (46.9%), Less (6.3%). It means that the type of food consumption is good, but it is applied to the intervention. Then the chi-square test at alpha (ɑ) 0.05 showed that the p-value = 0.01.  Conclusion: To conclude that there is a significant relationship between the type of food consumption and the nutritional status of pregnant women with a p-value of 0.01 (p<ɑ 0.005). It is recommended to the Ministry of Health and the Baqui Health Centre, especially the communities, to draw up and plan the program and continue to improve health education for mothers about nutritious food consumption
Co-Authors A. C. Quim, Jimedio A. O. de Oliveira, Felisbela Anatolia Soares Maia Exposto, Levi Borges Ximenes, Eliseba Carvalho, Honoria de F. P. Conceicao Pacheco, Aniceto da da Conceição Pacheco, Aniceto de F. P. Carvalho, Honoria do Rosario, Adelaide Viegas Elvis Fatima, Tomas Exposto, Levi Anatolia S.M. Goncalves, Marilia Juvi Jorge Pereira, Santiago Magno, Jerminal Maria Umbelina Fernandes, Daniela Rolandia Pacheco, Aniceto da Conceição Pereira Moniz, Elias S. M. Exposto, Levi Anatolia S.M. Exposto, Levi Anatolia Santos Amaral, Jessica dos