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All Journal Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Jurnal Medika Farmaka
Saputro, Ramadhan
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Education Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Optical Nerve Sheath Diameter (ONSD) Ultrasonography as Intracranial Non-Invasive Pressure Measurement in PostOperative Patient EDH Evacuation in ICU Saputro, Ramadhan; Adipurna, Resa Putra; Laksono, Buyung Hartiyo
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24244/jni.v14i1.582

Abstract

Intracranial Pressure (ICP) monitoring is an important component in the management of severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in ICU. Periodic ICP monitoring in patients with severe TBI who were treated in ICU resulted in lower mortality rates than those who were not measured. ICP can be measured by invasive or non-invasive methods. Invasive measurements related to higher cost, while non-invasive tests such as MRI and CT scans are associated with radiation exposure. ONSD ultrasound is an alternative examination that is practical, inexpensive, without radiation, and can be performed bedside. We report a case in the ICU of RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang, male, 44 years old, had a traffic accident, and was diagnosed with severe TBI with GCS E2V2M4, right frontotemporal 36cc epidural hematoma, cerebral edema, and left posterolateral 4th rib fracture. The patient underwent epidural hematoma surgical evacuation. Postoperatively, the patient was treated in ICU. We performed periodic ONSD ultrasound and with the guidance of these examinations the patient's management could be adjusted. Within 48-hours postoperatively the patient could be extubated and then moved to ward. ONSD ultrasound could be done bedside so that clinicians could quickly and precisely adjusted the management according to the dynamic condition of the patient.
Formulasi, Evaluasi, dan Stabilitas Sediaan Sirup Paracetamol: Formulasi, Evaluasi, dan Stabilitas Sediaan Sirup Paracetamol Sasaqi, Adzkia Pratami; Nggiring, Maria Imaculata Sherly; Apriyanti, Nita; Permata Sari, Aulia; Nurholisa, Neng Dera Siti; Saputro, Ramadhan; Pratama, Reza
Jurnal Medika Farmaka Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Jurnal Medika Farmaka
Publisher : LP4M STIKes Karsa Husada Garut

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33482/jmedfarm.v3i3.86

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Introduction: Paracetamol syrup is a commonly used oral liquid dosage form, especially for pediatric patients. Its physical and chemical stability is strongly influenced by formulation and storage conditions. This review aims to analyze the formulation, quality evaluation, and stability of paracetamol syrup based on several studies. Literature searches were conducted through Google Scholar, PubMed, and ResearchGate using keywords such as “paracetamol syrup stability,” “accelerated stability test,” and “formulation of paracetamol syrup.” Paracetamol syrup generally contains 125 mg/5 mL of the active ingredient, with propylene glycol and glycerin as cosolvents to enhance solubility and stability. Sweeteners such as sucrose or honey improve taste and maintain viscosity, while flavors increase acceptability for pediatric use. Evaluation results show that most formulations met physicochemical requirements, with pH values between 4.5–5.5, viscosity ranging from 1800–2200 cP, and paracetamol content above 90% of the initial amount. In both accelerated (40°C/75% RH) and long-term (25°C) stability tests, the formulations remained chemically stable with degradation less than 10%. High temperatures or light exposure increased degradation, while storage at room temperature in amber bottles ensured optimal stability. The use of propylene glycol as a cosolvent and citrate buffer as a stabilizing agent provided good physical and chemical stability. All reviewed formulations fulfilled Indonesian Pharmacopoeia requirements, with the best stability achieved when stored at room temperature and protected from light. Keywords: paracetamol, syrup, formulation, accelerated stability, evaluation test
Co-Authors Adipurna, Resa Putra Apriyanti, Nita Laksono, Buyung Hartiyo Nggiring, Maria Imaculata Sherly Nurholisa, Neng Dera Siti Permata Sari, Aulia Pratama, Reza Sasaqi, Adzkia Pratami