Rusfandi, Annisa Adhania
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Hormonal vs. Non-Hormonal Contraceptives for Women in Relation to Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review Rusfandi, Annisa Adhania; Agung Indrawan, I Wayan
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.03.7

Abstract

Recent global statistics indicate approximately 527,624 new cases of cervical cancer and 265,672 deaths annually. Additionally, recent research has identified a correlation between cervical cancer incidence and the use of hormonal or non-hormonal contraceptives. This systematic review aims to investigate this correlation. Articles meeting inclusion criteria from Google Scholar and PubMed within the last five years were searched. Eight eligible studies were included: six on hormonal contraceptives and two on non-hormonal contraceptives. The review findings suggest that the use of both non-hormonal and hormonal contraceptives increases the risk of cervical cancer. Non-hormonal contraception was associated with a slightly elevated risk, while hormonal contraceptives, especially oral contraceptive tablets used over an extended period, showed a clear link to increased cervical cancer risk.
Association between Clinical Pathway for Cesarean Section and Length of Stay in Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional Hospital Malang Rusfandi, Annisa Adhania; Agung Indrawan, I Wayan
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.03.4

Abstract

Cesarean section (C-section) is one of the main medical procedures performed at Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional Hospital in Malang. Implementing a clinical pathway (CP) as a standard of evidence-based care can influence the length of hospital stay for patients. This study aims to analyze the relationship between CP implementation and the length of hospital stay for C-section patients at Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional Hospital. The analysis was based on data from CP forms and patient medical records. The lowest CP implementation score in this study was 89.86%. A correlation test across all samples (n=97) revealed a significant relationship between CP implementation and length of stay (correlation coefficient: 0.246, p=0.008). Dividing the samples into four groups based on the most frequent diagnosis categories (placenta previa, PROM (Premature Rupture of Membranes), preeclampsia, and placenta accreta) showed significant differences in the length of stay between patients with PROM and those with preeclampsia (p=0.0001) and placenta accreta (p=0.002). The CP implementation rate for all C-section patients was above 80% and was significantly correlated with the length of hospital stay. In the future, CPs specifically designed for different C-section indications may be developed to accommodate various patient conditions.