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Selecting the Sustainable Tourist Market for Bali Based on Carbon Footprint Anom Hery Suasapha; I Wayan Suardana; Putu Sucita Yanthy; I Nyoman Sunarta; Anderson Ngelambong
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol 15 No 1 (2025): New Dimensions of Bali Tourism
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Bali Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i01.p05

Abstract

This article investigates the carbon footprints of tourists from various countries to inform Bali's sustainable tourism strategy, especially its environmental sustainability. Analysing data from the top 20 tourist-generating countries, the research employs a carbon footprint calculator to assess emissions associated with their flights. The findings categorise these countries into three groups based on their carbon emissions: low, medium, and high-carbon footprint markets. Countries with lower carbon footprints, particularly Southeast Asian ones, should be prioritised as target markets to promote sustainable tourism in Bali. Conversely, tourists from medium and high-carbon-footprint countries should be considered the less-preferred tourist market, and their number should be reduced through demarketing strategies. The article concludes with managerial implications and highlights research limitations, emphasising the need for ongoing efforts in sustainable tourism management.
Perceived Risks and Evolving Travel Expectations: The Reimagining of Langkawi and Bali Tourism Landscapes after COVID-19 Azrul Abdullah; Azila Azmi; Norshamshina Mat Isa; Putu Sucita Yanthy; Agoes Tinus Lis Indrianto
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Symbolism in Balinese Rituals
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2025.v15.i02.p08

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global tourism, altering travel behaviours and reshaping risk perceptions. This study investigates tourists' perceived risks and travel expectations in the new normal, focusing on Langkawi Island, Malaysia, and Bali, Indonesia, the two prominent Southeast Asian destinations. Using a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews with 60 participants (30 from each destination) revealed three key themes: destination risk, physical equipment risk, and vacation risk. The findings highlight the critical role of health and safety measures, including sanitation practices and digital innovations, in rebuilding tourist confidence. While Langkawi emphasizes family-friendly attractions and local travel bubbles, Bali leverages its cultural heritage and wellness tourism to align with evolving traveller priorities. Recommendations include adopting sustainable tourism practices, enhancing health communication, and integrating contactless technologies to foster resilience in the tourism sector. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders in designing adaptive strategies to ensure sustainable growth and competitiveness in the post-pandemic era.