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All Journal Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan Jurnal Kebidanan Manna
Jeas John
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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The Impact of Medical Device Associated Candida Infections on Immunocomprised Patient Outcomes in A Tertiary Care Settings Dung, Nikita Dung; D. Neha; Anju Thomas; Jeas John
Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan Vol 3 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Gayaku Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58222/juvokes.v3i2.1067

Abstract

Medical practice across all specialties increasingly relies on the insertion or implantation of medical devices, yet these interventions carry inherent risks of bacterial and fungal infections of particular concern is the shifting epidemiology of Candida infections, where non-albicans Candida species now predominate in cases of hematogenously disseminated candidiasis in many healthcare institutions. These device-associated Candida infections represent a significant threat to patient outcomes, characterized by the organism's ability to adhere to device surfaces and proliferate as multicellular communities within self-produced extracellular matrices. The pathogenic process involves colonization of foreign materials, including intravascular catheters, urinary catheters, dentures, and various implanted medical devices, leading to resistant infections that are particularly challenging to treat. These device-associated infections can progress to Candida bloodstream infections, which are associated with significant mortality rates. However, research indicates that optimized diagnostic approaches and therapeutic management strategies can substantially improve patient outcomes. This mini-review aims to identify and address frequently overlooked opportunities in the management of device-associated Candida bloodstream infections, with particular emphasis on Early recognition and diagnosis of device-associated infections. Implementation of evidence-based preventive measures. Optimization of therapeutic interventions. Special considerations for high-risk and immunocompromised patients.
Advancements In Anti-Viral Strategies Against Nipah Virus Thomas, Anju; Jeas John
Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan Vol 3 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Gayaku Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58222/juvokes.v3i2.1187

Abstract

Since its discovery in Malaysia during the epidemic of 1998, Nipah virus or NiV, member of paramyxoviridae family, has become one of the emerging potential threats to world health due to its uncontrolled rate of fatality and absence of specific therapies. The recent outbreaks in South and Southeast Asia have called for urgent international efforts to curb the virus. Since most infections with NiV bring about severe respiratory and neurological symptoms, treatment has relied on supportive care. There are no human vaccines available for distribution, though some preclinical trials and very limited human trial versions of vaccines are in development. This review article emphasizes on the recent advances in the therapeutic approaches and prevention measures of NiV. New treatment strategies like Defective Interfering Particles and RNA silencing, other than conventional treatments like antiviral drugs have also been discussed.
Emerging Trends in the Transmission Pathways of Nipah virus: A Comprehensive Review Neha, D; Nikita Dung Dung; Anju Thomas; Jeas John
Jurnal Kebidanan Manna Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Gayaku Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58222/jkm.v3i2.1207

Abstract

Nipah virus (NiV), a highly pathogenic zoonotic virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family and Henipavirus genus, was first identified during an outbreak in Malaysia in 1998-1999 and has since been reported in South and Southeast Asia, primarily in Bangladesh and India. The virus is transmitted through zoonotic spillover from animal reservoirs, particularly fruit bats (Pteropus species), as well as human-to-human transmission. Pigs can become infected by consuming fruits contaminated by infected bats, and humans can contract the virus through contact with infected pigs or bats. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the transmission dynamics of Nipah virus, emphasizing zoonotic spillover, direct contact with infected animals, and human-to-human transmission during outbreaks. Understanding these transmission pathways is essential for developing effective control and prevention strategies. NiV outbreaks have occurred in Malaysia, Singapore, Bangladesh, India, and the Philippines, often resulting in severe respiratory and neurological diseases with high mortality rates in both humans and pigs. Diagnosis of Nipah virus infection involves various techniques, including serological, molecular, virological, and immunohistochemistry methods. The potential for human-to-human transmission poses a significant public health concern, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic and surveillance measures..
Co-Authors Anju Thomas D. Neha Dung, Nikita Dung Neha, D Nikita Dung Dung Thomas, Anju