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SPATIAL TEMPORAL VARIATION OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN AMBON CITY CENTER AREA Rakuasa, Heinrich; Budnikov, Viktor Vladimirov; Rifai, Ahmat; Latue, Philia Christi
Science Map Journal Vol 6 No 2 (2024): Science Map Journal
Publisher : Jurusan Pendidikan MIPA FKIP Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jmsvol6issue2pp88-96

Land use change from vegetation to built-up land in Ambon City Center affects the increase of land surface temperature and creates the urban heat island phenomenon, which has the potential to affect local and global climate. The method used in this research is the analysis of Landsat 8 satellite images through Google Earth Engine (GEE), which enables efficient and accurate data processing. The analysis shows that the highest surface temperature in the region increases from 27.35°C in 2015 to 29.30°C in 2025, while the lowest temperature also increases. These findings confirm the need for attention to sustainable spatial management strategies to reduce the negative impacts of urbanization, maintain environmental quality, and improve the quality of life of people in Ambon City

Spatial Dynamics of Land Cover Change of Gag Island, Indonesia Rifai, Ahmat; Latue, Philia Christi; Rakuasa, Heinrich
Jurnal Geosains West Science Vol 3 No 02 (2025): Jurnal Geosains West Science
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/jgws.v3i02.2295

Gag Island in Raja Ampat Regency, Southwest Papua, has experienced significant land cover change due to intensive nickel mining activities since 2017, transforming tropical forest into open land with serious ecological and socio-economic impacts. This study analyzed the spatial dynamics of land cover change using 3-meter resolution PlanetScope satellite imagery (2017, 2021, 2025) through visual classification in ArcGIS Pro, with four land cover classes: settlement, open area, mining, and forest/garden. Results show an expansion of mining area from 4.53 hectares (2017) to 301.13 hectares (2025), accompanied by a decrease in mixed forest from 5,898.37 hectares to 5,576.21 hectares, and an increase in sedimentation that threatens coastal ecosystems and coral reefs. The discussion reveals contradictions between mining permit policies and small island protection regulations, as well as recommendations for high-resolution image-based monitoring and sustainable reclamation to mitigate impacts. This study provides a scientific basis for sustainable natural resource management on small islands with high conservation value.

Spatial analysis of built-up land development in 1995 and 2025 based on slope level in Ternate City, Indonesia Rifai, Ahmat; Latue, Philia C; Halim, Halim; Rajani, La Mbeli; Rakuasa, Heinrich
Jurnal Geosains West Science Vol 3 No 02 (2025): Jurnal Geosains West Science
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/jgws.v3i02.2308

Ternate City in North Maluku, Indonesia, is experiencing rapid population growth and residential land development, with diverse topography and slopes that affect the expansion of built-up land. This study analyzed the development of built-up land in 1995 and 2025 based on slope levels using Landsat imagery and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data. The results showed that built-up land expanded rapidly in the 8-25% slope zone (an increase of 96.8-372%) and the >25% zone (+206.5%), indicating that development pressure pushed urbanization into topographically difficult areas. Greenland conversion (903.78 ha less) also affected the environmental balance, while water bodies remained stable (67.58 ha). The dominance of steep slopes >40% (3,013.36 ha) is a major challenge for sustainable development. These findings emphasize the need for a spatial approach based on integrated geomorphological analysis, particularly landslide risk mitigation in steep slope zones, while meeting settlement needs

SPATIAL DYNAMICS OF BUILT-UP LAND DEVELOPMENT BASED ON SLOPE GRADIENT IN TERNATE CITY, INDONESIA Rifai, Ahmat; Rakuasa, Heinrich
Jurnal Spasial Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22202/js.v11i2.9903

Ternate City in North Maluku, Indonesia, is experiencing rapid population growth and residential land development, with diverse topography and slopes that affect the expansion of built-up land. This study analyzed the development of built-up land in 1995 and 2025 based on slope levels using Landsat imagery and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data. Results showed that built-up land expanded rapidly in the 8-25% slope zone (increased by 96.8-372%) and the >25% zone (+206.5%), indicating development pressure that drove urbanization to topographically challenging areas. Green land conversion (903.78 ha less) also affected the environmental balance, while water bodies remained stable (67.58 ha). The dominance of steep slopes >40% (3,013.36 ha) is a major challenge to sustainable development. The findings emphasize the need for a spatial approach based on integrated geomorphological analysis, particularly landslide risk mitigation in steep slope zones, while meeting settlement needs. The research makes an important contribution to the development of sustainable development strategies in island cities characterized by complex topography and limited flat land while offering a spatial-temporal evaluation model that can be applied in similar areas. Policy implications of the research include strengthening spatial regulations, applying special construction techniques in slope areas, and protecting protected areas to maintain the balance of the natural environment.

Pemetaan Daerah Rawan Longsor di Kota Ternate, Indonesia Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis Rakuasa, Heinrich; Khromykh, Vadim V.; Rifai, Ahmat
Journal of Geographical Sciences and Education Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Journal of Geographical Sciences and Education
Publisher : PT. Pubsains Nur Cendekia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69606/geography.v3i2.214

Landslides seriously threaten safety and sustainable development in Ternate City, Indonesia, due to tectonic activity, steep topography, high rainfall, and urbanization pressure. This study aims to map landslide-prone areas using Geographic Information System and the weighted overlay method by integrating seven parameters: elevation, slope, soil type, geology, land use, rainfall, and distance from active faults. The analysis results show that slopes >40% and areas near active faults have the highest risk. Based on the total area of 10,162 ha, 51% (5,197 ha) is classified as a high-risk zone, 31% (3,123 ha) as medium risk, and 18% (1,842 ha) as low risk. These findings emphasize the need for risk-zoning-based mitigation priorities, such as strengthening spatial planning policies, building disaster-resistant infrastructure, and educating communities. This research not only provides a scientific basis for development planning and disaster risk reduction in Ternate but also provides a methodological framework that can be adapted in other landslide-prone areas, especially in volcanic island regions with similar geographical conditions.

Spatial Transformation of Physical Change of Built-up Land in Ambon City Center, Indonesia, Period 1940-2025 Rifai, Ahmat; Rakuasa, Heinrich; Halim; Latue , Philia Christi; Sarfan , Riri; Tehupelasury, Syifa
Asian Journal of Environmental Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): January-April
Publisher : CV. Science Tech Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69930/ajer.v2i1.319

The background of this research focuses on the physical transformation of built-up land in the center of Ambon City from 1940 to 2025, influenced by historical, social, and economic factors, including the impact of riots and population growth. The tools and materials used in this research include thematic maps of land use from various periods, satellite images (Ikonos-2 and Planet Scope), and ArcGIS Pro software for spatial data processing. The method applied is an urban morphology approach with qualitative deductive analysis, which includes geospatial data processing to understand the pattern of urban development. The results of the discussion show that built-up land has increased significantly, although environmental challenges remain a major concern, such as the conversion of green land that impacts the carrying capacity of the environment. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the need for sustainable urban planning strategies to balance urban growth with ecosystem preservation in the future.

GIS-Based Flood Risk Assessment Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process Rakuasa, Heinrich; Rifai, Ahmat
Scientific Journal of Engineering Research Vol. 1 No. 4 (2025): October Article in Process
Publisher : PT. Teknologi Futuristik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64539/sjer.v1i4.2025.43

Floods are a common hydrometeorological disaster in Teluk Ambon Sub-district ; therefore, modeling is necessary as a mitigation measure. To address this challenge, Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing technologies have proven to be powerful tools in flood disaster analysis and modeling. This study uses 10 variables, including elevation, slope, TWI, NDVI, precipitation, land cover, soil type, drainage density, distance from roads, and distance from rivers. This study uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results show that distance from rivers has the greatest contribution (14.08%) to flooding in Teluk Ambon Sub-district . The level of flood vulnerability in Teluk Ambon Sub-district is divided into three classes, namely low risk, covering an area of 8,642.26 ha or 64.71%; medium risk, covering an area of 4,066.79 ha or 30.45%; and high risk, covering an area of 646.44 ha or 4.84%. Settlements predicted to be affected by flooding in the low class cover an area of 130.36 ha, or 11.59%; the medium class covers an area of 649.29 ha, or 57.73%; and the high class covers an area of 345.07 ha, or 30.68%. The results of this study are very important in providing a more precise flood risk map to support spatial planning and disaster mitigation in the affected areas.

EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTING CASSAVA LEAF FLOUR (Manihot esculenta) IN COMMERCIAL RATIONS ON THE NON-CARCASS WEIGHT PERFORMANCE OF QUAIL Rifai, Ahmat; Fathan, Suparmin; Gubali, Syukri; Zainudin, Srisukmawati; Sayuti, Muhammad; Dako, Safriyanto
Jambura Journal of Animal Science Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Jambura Journal of Animal Science
Publisher : Animal Husbandry Department, Faculty of Agriculture Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35900/jjas.v8i1.27890

Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effect of cassava leaf meal substitution (Manihot esculenta) in feed on the non-carcass performance of quails. The method used was a complete randomized design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates, using a total of 140 quails. Feed treatment consists of: P0 (100% commercial feed), P1 (96% commercial feed + 4% cassava leaf meal), P2 (94% commercial feed + 6% cassava leaf meal), P3 (92% commercial feed + 8% cassava leaf meal), and P4 (90% commercial feed + 10% cassava leaf meal). The variables observed in this study include: non-carcass weight, non-carcass percentage, non-carcass weight of the head, neck, blood, legs, and feathers. The data obtained was then analyzed using multi-dimensional fingerprint analysis (ANOVA) at a real level of 5%, if it shows a real difference (P0.05), then it is continued with the Smallest Real Difference (BNT) follow-up test. The results showed that cassava leaf flour had a real effect (P0.05) on non-carcass weight, non-carcass percentage, and head and neck weight, but had no real effect (P0.05) on blood, legs, and feather weight. Further tests showed that in non-carcass weights, the control treatment (P0) was markedly different from all other treatments (P1, P2, P3, P4), and P1 was markedly different from P3 and P4, while P2 was not markedly different from P3 and P4. In non-carcass percentages, P1 differs markedly from P2, P3, and P4, but does not differ from P0, whereas P0 differs markedly from P2, P3, and P4. In head weights, P1 and P0 were markedly different, while in neck weights, P0 was markedly different from all other treatments. It can be concluded that cassava leaf flour can be used as a substitute in quail feed to improve non-carcass performance, especially in the treatment of 96% commercial feed + 4% cassava leaf flour.

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