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All Journal Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Borobudur Pharmacy Review
Utama, Niko
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Engineering Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Ultrasonic assisted extraction modelling and phytochemicals profiling of bangle rhizome (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) Utama, Niko; Martati, Erryana; Harijono, Harijono
Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Vol 8, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.afssaae.2025.008.01.9

Abstract

Zingiber Cassumunar Roxb., locally known as bangle, has pharmacological activities as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, and antibacterial. Green technology extractions have more advantages than conventional extraction. Therefore, this study aims to model the extraction conditions of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) response surface method. Extraction of the bangle was performed using an ultrasonic bath with various bangle-to-ethanol ratios (1:15, 1:30, and 1:45 w/v), ethanol concentrations (60, 70, and 80%), and extraction times (5, 15, and 25 min). The program selected the quadratic model prediction to determine the relationship between bangle-to-ethanol ratio, ethanol concentration, and extraction time on the total phenolics and antioxidant activity. The optimization results showed that the optimum conditions for bangle rhizome extraction were a bangle-to-ethanol ratio of 1:45 w/v, an ethanol concentration of 70%, and an extraction time of 25 min. Under these conditions, total phenolic compounds of 5.48 mg GAE/g and antioxidant activity of 69.18% were obtained. The model had a desirability value of 0.938. The model agreed with the predicted antioxidant activity values (p >0.05). Furthermore, five phenolic group compounds, 11 coumarin group compounds, and 10 alkaloid group compounds were identified using LC-MS/MS QTOF.
Green extraction of curcuminoids from Zingiberaceae rhizomes using natural deep eutectic solvents: A systematic review Utama, Niko
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August-Dec
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i2.13650

Abstract

Curcuminoids are the main bioactive compounds found in the rhizomes of the Zingiberaceae family, particularly Curcuma longa, and are known for their significant pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antimutagenic effects. Conventional extraction methods still rely heavily on toxic organic solvents that are environmentally unfriendly and have limited selectivity and efficiency. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES), as green solvents composed of natural components such as choline chloride, organic acids, sugars, and alcohols, offer a more sustainable alternative. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of NADES for extracting curcuminoids from Zingiberaceae rhizomes, compares their performance with conventional solvents, and analyzes the influence of different extraction methods. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar (2015”“2025), and 11 eligible articles were included in the analysis. The results show that combining NADES with energy-assisted extraction methods, such as microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), yields high curcuminoid concentrations, with the highest reported yield reaching 89.87 mg/g using a choline chloride”“citric acid NADES. Locally sourced NADES formulations, such as nipa palm syrup and nipa vinegar, also demonstrated promising extraction performance. However, challenges remain regarding the high viscosity of NADES and the need for optimized extraction conditions. This study concludes that NADES are promising green solvents for extracting curcuminoids from Zingiberaceae rhizomes. The use of NADES not only enhances extraction efficiency and selectivity but also facilitates the development of environmentally friendly extraction technologies applicable to the functional food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
Co-Authors A. Harijono Erryana Martati