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Indra, Rafael
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Religion Arts Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Cash on Delivery in E-Commerce Indonesia: A Solution or a problem? Dirkareshza, Rianda; Witarso, Laurentius Sandi; Permatasari, Elizabet Devi; Indra, Rafael
Widya Yuridika Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Law and Society
Publisher : Universitas Widya Gama Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31328/wy.v8i1.5728

Abstract

Cash on Delivery (COD) is one of the frequently utilized payment methods in Indonesian e-commerce, enabling buyers to settle payments for purchased goods upon their arrival at the designated address. However, the limited comprehension among the public regarding the COD mechanism gives rise to various legal predicaments, encompassing both criminal and civil aspects. This research endeavors to ascertain the psychological state of logistics partners who fall victim to consumers misconstruing the COD process, the legal quandaries prompted by COD, and legal remedies to these issues. Employing the normative juridical method with a statutory approach, supplemented by concepts, cases, and interviews, this study finds that, according to the Job Stress Scale measuring instrument, couriers experiencing a substantial volume of daily COD deliveries endure significant stress levels at 58.5%. The stress among couriers emanates from rampant instances of legal transgressions associated with COD, encompassing both criminal and civil domains. Consequently, addressing this challenge necessitates the provision of alternative payment modes such as bank transfers, digital wallets, or installment payments. Furthermore, the establishment of specialized COD regulations is imperative to mitigate the likelihood of similar occurrences in the future.
PENGEMBANGAN ALAT UKUR ONLINE FRIENDSHIP QUALITY SCALE (OFQS) Luis, Stanley; Indra, Rafael; Tandra, Stevani; Christine, Vania; Sandhieka, Nicholas; Sabrina Simamora, Bernadetta; Rinta Ferdian, Flaviana
Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian Psikologi Vol 8 No 1 (2022): 2022
Publisher : Psikologi UHAMKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jippuhamka.v8i1.10051

Abstract

The purpose of OFQS (Online Friendship Quality Scale) creation is to measure online friendship quality between 18-24 years old college students. It could also facilitate users to evaluate friendship quality dynamics, then enhance their friendship quality. The six domains of friendship are Validation and Caring, Conflict and Betrayal, Conflict and Resolution, Companionship and Recreation, Help and Guidance, and Intimate Exchange (Asher & Parker, 1993). OFQS is a self-report questionnaire that scales from (1) not at all like me to (5) very much like me. OFQS was developed during 2021 using convenience sampling. Respondents during the development process are FPUAJ college students that do online interaction with their best friends, and currently 18-24 years old (number of respondents = 219, average (M) age of respondents = 19.51, dan SD of respondents age = 1.23). Item analysis is done through Spearman corrected item total correlation and Mann-Whitney U-test that eliminates 3 out of 54 items. Companionship and Recreation domain is the only domain that is not valid. Reliability test found that the Cronbach alpha’s value is reliable with a score of 0,851. People who complete this test will get a description of their friendship quality for every domain that comes in three categories (Good, Enough, and Not Good). Scoring categories are based on norm-referenced standardization procedures. Further research is needed for other demographics such as workers.
Co-Authors Aji Lukman Ibrahim Christine, Vania Luis, Stanley Permatasari, Elizabet Devi Rinta Ferdian, Flaviana Sabrina Simamora, Bernadetta Sandhieka, Nicholas Tandra, Stevani Witarso, Laurentius Sandi