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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya CRJIM (Clinical and Research Journal in Internal Medicine) Malang Respiratory Journal
Setiadi, Satya
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Other

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Hydrocarbon Pneumonitis After Repeated Exposure and Gasoline Aspiration with Differential Diagnosis Lung Tuberculosis Setiadi, Satya; Rakhma, Sastia; Chozin, Iin Noor; Astuti, Tri Wahyu; Sugiri, Yani Jane R.; Yudhanto, Hendy Setyo; Erawati, Dini Rachma
Malang Respiratory Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): March 2025 Edition
Publisher : Universitaas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mrj.2025.007.01.05

Abstract

Introduction: Chemical pneumonitis is an uncommon condition. Hydrocarbon pneumonitis is a kind of chemical pneumonitis. The features of this disease are atypical and may manifest either abruptly or persistently. Lung tuberculosis is an endemic illness in Indonesia, with an estimated 969,000 patients exhibiting diverse characteristics that may resemble chemical pneumonitis. Case Report: A 29-year-old gas station attendant with a history of recurrent exposure to gasoline vapours and episodes of asphyxiation while syphoning gasoline. A thoracic CT scan with contrast reveals several bilateral nodules with a tree-in-bud pattern, suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis, with chemical pneumonitis as a differential diagnosis. Utilising clinical data, including occupational history, body plethysmography and spirometry results (moderate restrictive), laboratory findings, CT scan pictures, and Volatile Organic Compound analysis (elevated hydrocarbon levels), the patient is diagnosed with hydrocarbon pneumonitis. Discussion: The differential diagnosis was excluded through the analysis of sputum using molecular rapid test, IGRA test, LJ culture, and AFB of bronchial washing fluid. The administration of inhaled corticosteroids is a viable therapeutic option for this situation. Following six months of medication and exposure avoidance, the patient's condition has been improving. The patient was initially diagnosed with suspected lung tuberculosis based on a thoracic CT scan with contrast revealing bilateral multiple nodules exhibiting a tree-in-bud pattern. However, considering the patient's occupational history involving exposure to gasoline vapour and a history of choking on gasoline, the radiological findings ultimately confirmed a diagnosis of hydrocarbon pneumonitis. Case management may be determined by the severity level; however, due to its rarity, no primary treatment option exists. Conclusion: Hydrocarbon pneumonitis is infrequently encountered in comparison to pulmonary tuberculosis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a treatment alternative that yields clinical improvement. This example illustrates those rare diseases, such as hydrocarbon pneumonitis, can mimic pulmonary tuberculosis.
Pulmonary Hypertension In Chronic Renal Failure Rifa'i, Achmad; Setiadi, Satya
Clinical and Research Journal in Internal Medicine Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Volume 6 No 2, November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.crjim.2025.006.02.11

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease affects more than 10% of the global population, with prevalence of 14.8% in the USA and 10.8% in Asia. The disease has more prevalence in older age individuals, women, and those with diabetes and high blood pressure, who are also at a higher risk of developing heart disease. Pulmonary hypertension is condition that occurs when the pressure in the pulmonary artery rises more than 20 mm hg. The occurrence rate of the condition is approximately 35% to 38% among hemodialysis patients and 12% to 36% among external peritoneal dialysis patients. Research indicates that a majority of individuals with chronic kidney disease also experience pulmonary hypertension. This is particularly true for individuals undergoing dialysis. The exact etiology of pulmonary hypertension in these individuals especially in ESRD is unknown, but there are numerous factors that can lead to the development of this condition. The writer want to examine the connection between pulmonary hypertension and chronic renal failure, paying particular attention to the underlying pathological mechanisms.
Correlation Analysis of STOP-BANG Score and VOC Components in COPD and High-Risk COPD Patients in Malang City Djajalaksana, Susanthy; Wardoyo, Arinto Yudi Pomco; Sari, Fitri Indah; Anggraeni, Rizki Diah; Setiadi, Satya
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 34 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2026.034.02.3

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that causes long-term airflow limitation, and its burden continues to increase worldwide. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) found within exhaled breath have been studied as possible biomarkers for this condition. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is one comorbidity that receives attention because it can be related to more frequent exacerbations and poorer outcomes within COPD. This cross-sectional observational study describes STOP-BANG score patterns among confirmed COPD patients and people with high COPD risk from three primary health care centers within Malang City. It also examines the relationship between STOP-BANG score and VOC components within both groups. Data were collected using the STOP-BANG (Snoring, Tiredness, Observed apnea, Pressure, BMI, Age, Neck circumference, Gender) questionnaire and VOC examination. A total of 102 patients were included, consisting of 49 men and 53 women. STOP-BANG score showed weak to moderate relationships with several VOC components, including carbon dioxide (CO2; r=0.286; p=0.014), ammonia (NH3; r=0.286; p=0.039), and benzene (C6H6; r=-0.253; p=0.033). Among patients with moderate-high OSA risk within the high-risk COPD group, the STOP-BANG score had a significant relationship with CO2, acetone (C3H6O; r=0.347; p=0.023), and propylene (C3H6; r=0.347; p=0.023). Smoking history was also significantly related to C6H6 (r=0.282; p=0.017) within the high-risk COPD group and carbon monoxide (CO; r=0.73; p=0.025) within the COPD group. Since findings remain exploratory, further confirmation using polysomnography is needed before VOC profiling can be used as an additional method for OSA risk screening within primary health care.
Co-Authors Anggraeni, Rizki Diah Astuti, Tri Wahyu Chozin, Iin Noor Dini Rachma Erawati Djajalaksana, Susanthy Fitri Indah Sari Rakhma, Sastia Rifa'i, Achmad Sugiri, Yani Jane R. Wardoyo, Arinto Yudi Pomco Yudhanto, Hendy Setyo