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Subandi, Riskayati
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Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Kedudukan Hukum Komisi Negara Independen Dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Kewenangan Lembaga Negara Oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi Subandi, Riskayati; Sjarif, Fitriani Ahlan
Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia - Maret 2023
Publisher : Direktorat Jenderal Peraturan Perundang-undang, Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54629/jli.v20i1.974

Abstract

Mahakamah Konstitusi berdasarkan kewenangan yang diamanatkan konstitusi khususnya dalam memutus sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara, memegang peran dalam penegakan penerapan prinsip checks and balances di Indonesia. Pasca Amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 (UUD NRI 1945), muncul berbagai Komisi Negara Independen yang memiliki peran strategis dalam pembangunan sistem demokrasi di Indonesia. Komisi negara independen ini kerapkali memiliki fungsi ganda (multiple function), dimana satu lembaga independent dapat memegang 3 tiga fungsi sekaligus, yakni fungsi eksekutif, fungsi legislatif, dan fungsi yudikatif. Luasnya fungsi komisi negara independen akan menjadi rentan atas tindakan ultra vires yang kemudian dapat menjadi salah satu penyebab timbulnya sengketa kewenangan yang terjadi antar lembaga negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mengenai eksistensi Komisi Negara Independen di Indonesia serta menelaah kedudukan hukum (legal standing) Komisi Negara Independen dalam penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. lembaga yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai  komisi negara independen adalah lembaga yang oleh dasar hukum pembentuknya dinyatakan secara tegas sifat independensinya, pemberhentian dan pengangkatanya anggota memiliki mekanisme khusus, kepemimpinan bersifat kolegial, dan pimpinan memiliki masa jabatan definitif. Upaya pemutusan sengketa kewenangan Lembaga negara oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi belum dapat menjadi instrumen penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan antara berbagai Komisi yang bersengketa. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya batasan kewenangan yang diberikan kepada Mahkamah Konstitusi, yakni hanya dapat memutus sengketa lembaga negara yang kewenanganya diatur dalam UUD NRI 1945.
Konstitusionalitas Proses Pemilihan Kepala Otorita Ibu Kota Nusantara Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 tengan Ibu Kota Negara Subandi, Riskayati
Jurnal Konstitusi & Demokrasi Vol. 3, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The establishment of the Government of the Special Territory of the Capital of Nusantara (Special Regional Government of IKN) as the location of the new capital of Indonesia has raised controversy, especially as regards its position as the special regional government held by the Nusantara Capital Authority Institution (IKN Authority), as well as the differences in the process for selecting government heads. The research was conducted using a normative jurisprudence method that focuses on the analysis of secondary data to determine the constitutionality of regulations relating to the position and process of election of the head of government in the Capital of Nusantara. Special Regional Government of IKN is distinct from other regional administrations because it has special status at the provincial level. Several countries grant equivalent status to their national capitals, including the United States, Australia, Canada, and the Czech Republic. In the federal government, it aims to authorize intervene in managing the national capital and ensure that the federal government remains neutral in taking of national policies. In contrast to a unitary state, which has just one sovereign and one legislature, which regional governments must also follow the law ot the state. The specialty of the Special Regional Government of IKN managed by the IKN Authority, as well as the mechanism of election of the Head of the Authority through the appointment mechanism established by the President after consulting the House, is deemed to be contrary to the Constitution. This is due to the fact that the current process does not reflect the regional democratization system, which has become the demand for reform, as stated in the Republic of Indonesia's 1945 Constitution. Aside from that, the applicable laws and regulations cannot guarantee accountability in the execution of each process.
Co-Authors Sjarif, Fitriani Ahlan