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All Journal Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Narra J
Erik Idrus
Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Biological Mechanism of Orthodontic Movement in The Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion Using Twin Block: English Hilda Fitria Lubis; Erik Idrus; Dewi Fatma Suniarti Sastradipura; Retno Widayati; Miesje Karmiati Purwanegara
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 20 No. 3 (2024): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v20i3.9656

Abstract

Introduction: Patients of growing age with dentoskeletal class II malocclusion are often found in the clinic, to avoid further severity it is recommended to use functional appliance in cases involving skeletal. Review: Functional appliances have been widely used since activators were introduced by Andersen, but the use of activators has many disadvantages such as the shape that blends between the maxilla and mandible making it difficult for patients to open their mouths, speak and eat, then the large shape makes patients uncomfortable and causes facial changes. Clark developed the twin block to answer the previous shortcomings, which is a simple and separate design between the mandible and maxilla causing patients to be more comfortable in speaking and eating so that it is comfortable to use for a long time. Twin block is a functional appliance used to reposition the mandible forward in cases of class II malocclusion with retrognathic mandible. Conclusion: This paper describes the design and use of twin block and its effectiveness in skeletal correction. In addition, its use was found to improve facial shape, reduce overjet and overbite, corrected molar relationships and alleviated patient complaints.
Herbal products for the prevention and management of 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis: A systematic review of preclinical evidence Pocut Astari; Dewi F. Suniarti; Erik Idrus
Narra J Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v6i2.3110

Abstract

Oral mucositis is a painful and dose-limiting complication of chemotherapy, particularly in patients receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Herbal products have attracted increasing interest as supportive care candidates because of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and cytoprotective properties. This systematic review aimed to synthesize preclinical evidence on the effects and mechanisms of herbal products in 5-FU-induced oral mucositis models. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest for studies published up to March 2026, following PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies were in vitro studies, or studies with a clearly described in vitro component, that evaluated herbal extracts, multi-herbal formulations, or naturally derived plant-based compounds in 5-FU-induced oral mucositis models. Study reliability was assessed using the ToxRTool. Seven studies were included, comprising three in vitro-only studies and four combined in vitro–in vivo experimental studies published between 2014 and 2025. The evaluated products included Daiokanzoto, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Onchung-eum, anthocyanins from Oryza sativa, FITOPROT, cannabidiol, and Camellia tea saponin. Across the included studies, herbal products were reported to improve cell viability, reduce reactive oxygen species production, suppress inflammatory mediators, inhibit apoptosis, and promote epithelial repair. The main mechanisms involved the modulation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling, caspase-3 activation, the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ferroptosis-related markers. All included studies were classified as reliable without restrictions, with ToxRTool scores ranging from 16 to 18. In conclusion, preclinical evidence suggests that herbal products may have protective effects against 5-FU-induced oral mucositis through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective mechanisms. However, standardized in vivo studies and clinical trials are needed before their therapeutic use can be recommended.
Co-Authors Dewi F. Suniarti Dewi Fatma Suniarti Sastradipura Hilda Fitria Lubis Miesje Karmiati Purwanegara Pocut Astari Retno Widayati