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All Journal Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Rizanda Machmud
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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Unraveling the Link between Obesity and Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review of the Underlying Mechanisms Deddy Herman; Rizanda Machmud; Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i2.1205

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and obesity are significant global health concerns with potentially complex interactions. Obesity, through its effects on metabolism, inflammation, and the immune system, may influence TB susceptibility, progression, and treatment outcomes. This systematic review aims to analyze the published literature on the relationship between obesity and TB, focusing on the underlying mechanisms. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar was conducted for articles published in the last 10 years. The search strategy included keywords such as "tuberculosis," "TB," "obesity," and "BMI." Articles were selected using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method. Results: The review identified 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The studies revealed a complex relationship between obesity and TB, with nutritional status, immunity, and diabetes mellitus (DM) playing key roles. Obesity can alter the immune response to TB, potentially increasing the risk of disease and affecting treatment efficacy. Conclusion: The relationship between obesity and TB is multifaceted, with obesity potentially influencing both disease susceptibility and outcomes. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to develop targeted interventions for individuals with both obesity and TB.
Iron Deficiency and Anemia of Inflammation in Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review of the Evidence Deddy Herman; Rizanda Machmud; Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i2.1207

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem, with anemia being a frequent comorbidity. Anemia in TB is multifaceted, with iron deficiency and anemia of inflammation (AI) being the most common types. This systematic review aims to synthesize the evidence on iron deficiency and AI in TB, their prevalence, impact on outcomes, and management strategies. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and ScienceDirect databases was conducted for articles published in the last 10 years. Observational studies examining the prevalence, types, and impact of anemia on TB outcomes were included. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Results: The review included 7 studies involving 1,133 participants. Anemia prevalence ranged from 61% to 89% in TB patients. AI was the predominant type, with iron deficiency also prevalent. Anemia was associated with increased mortality, delayed sputum culture conversion, and impaired TB treatment response. Conclusion: Anemia, primarily AI and iron deficiency, is highly prevalent in TB and negatively impacts treatment outcomes and survival. Effective management of anemia is crucial for improving TB outcomes. Further research is needed to optimize diagnostic and treatment strategies for iron deficiency and AI in TB.
Co-Authors Herman, Deddy Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto