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Karakteristik Massa Air Berdasarkan Data Argo Float Di Laut Banda Asha Aulia Zahara; Mohammad Tri Hartanto; Nabil Balbeid; Agus Saleh Atmadipoera; I Wayan Nurjaya; Yuli Naulita
Jurnal Kelautan Vol 18, No 3: Desember (2025)
Publisher : Department of Marine Sciences, Trunojoyo University of Madura, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/jk.v18i3.29534

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik massa air di Laut Banda dengan memanfaatkan data dari Argo Float. Sebagai laut terdalam yang krusial bagi dinamika Arus Lintas Indonesia (ARLINDO), monitoring in-situ hingga kedalaman ribuan meter di wilayah ini menjadi tantangan. Oleh karena itu, Argo Float merupakan instrumen krusial untuk menyediakan data suhu, salinitas, dan densitas secara real-time. Penelitian ini menggunakan 108 profil Argo Float (WMO ID_6901747) terkini untuk memetakan massa air utama Laut Banda secara musiman yang jarang dilakukan di studi-studi sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian mengungkap bahwa massa air di Laut Banda terdiri dari beberapa tipe utama, yaitu North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW), South Pacific Subtropical Lower Thermocline Water (SPLTW), North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW), dan Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). Variasi suhu, salinitas, dan densitas menunjukkan bahwa pada musim timur (September), nilai yang terukur berada dalam rentang 4,6 – 27,5°C; 34,2 – 34,6 PSU; dan 21,9 – 27,4 kg/m³. Sementara itu, pada musim barat (Maret) pada kedalaman yang sama, kisarannya adalah 4,6 – 29,9°C; 32,6 – 34,6 PSU; dan 20,1 – 27,4 kg/m³. Frekuensi Brunt-Vaisala yang terukur selama musim timur berkisar antara -2,3 hingga 22 siklus per jam, sedangkan pada musim barat berkisar antara -2,6 hingga 32,2 siklus per jam, dengan distribusi yang berbeda antara kedua musim tersebut.Kata Kunci: Temperatur, Salinitas, Densitas, Argo Float, Laut BandaABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the characteristics of water masses in the Banda Sea using data obtained from Argo Floats. As the deepest sea basin that plays a crucial role in the dynamics of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), conducting in-situ monitoring down to thousands of meters depth in this region presents significant challenges. Therefore, Argo Floats serve as essential instruments for providing real-time temperature, salinity, and density data. This research utilizes 108 recent Argo Float profiles (WMO ID_6901747) to map the seasonal distribution of the major water masses in the Banda Sea, an approach that has been rarely undertaken in previous studies. The results reveal that the water masses consist of several key types, namely North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW), South Pacific Subtropical Lower Thermocline Water (SPLTW), North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW), and Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). Variations in temperature, salinity, and density indicate that during the east monsoon (September), the measured ranges are 4.6–27.5°C, 34.2–34.6 PSU, and 21.9–27.4 kg/m³, respectively. Meanwhile, during the west monsoon (March) at similar depths, the ranges are 4.6–29.9°C, 32.6–34.6 PSU, and 20.1–27.4 kg/m³. The Brunt–Väisälä frequency measured during the east monsoon ranges from –2.3 to 22 cycles per hour, while during the west monsoon it ranges from –2.6 to 32.2 cycles per hour, exhibiting distinct seasonal distribution patterns. Keywords: Temperature, Salinity, Density, Argo Float, Banda Sea
Wind-Driven Upwelling Dynamics in the Southwest Arafura Sea Nabila Nur Hanifah; I Wayan Nurjaya; Yuli Naulita; Nyoman M. N. Natih
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol 18 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
Publisher : Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.18.1.69870

Abstract

This study examines the spatial and temporal variability of upwelling in the southwestern Arafura Sea, focusing on the influence of monsoonal winds and ENSO variability. The objective is to identify the physical mechanisms driving upwelling formation in the region. Satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a data from 2010, 2015, and 2020 were analyzed during the Southeast Monsoon (June–August). In addition, wind data, surface currents, Ekman Mass Transport (EMT), and Ekman Pumping Velocity (EPV) were evaluated to investigate the underlying oceanographic processes. The results indicate that intensified southeasterly winds during the Southeast Monsoon enhance offshore Ekman transport and generate negative wind stress curl, leading to significant Ekman pumping with EPV values reaching up to −2.1 × 10⁻⁵ m/s. These processes promote the upwelling of cooler, nutrient-rich subsurface waters, as reflected by decreased SST and increased chlorophyll-a concentrations. Conversely, weaker wind forcing reduces Ekman dynamics and weakens upwelling intensity. Vertical profiles further confirm thermocline shoaling and the upward displacement of subsurface waters during strong wind conditions. In conclusion, upwelling variability in the southwestern Arafura Sea is primarily controlled by seasonal monsoonal winds and large-scale climate variability, while regional circulation, such as the Indonesian Throughflow, contributes to the availability of cooler subsurface water that enhances surface cooling when uplifted by Ekman processes.