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All Journal Hikmah Al-Majaalis : Jurnal Dirasat Islamiyah Al-Atsar Jurnal Ilmu Hadits
Kurnaini, Mohammad
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Religion Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Hikmah

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The Phenomenon of Artificial Intelligence-Based Photo Manipulation: A Thematic Hadith Analysis of Tashwir Bilqis, Zahrani Camelia; Kurnaini, Mohammad
Hikmah Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Juni 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Sumatera Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53802/hikmah.v23i1.668

Abstract

Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, particularly deepfakes and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), have given rise to the phenomenon of photo manipulation capable of producing ultra-realistic images of living beings. This phenomenon raises new issues in contemporary hadith studies regarding the legal status of AI-based photo manipulation from the perspective of tashwir. This study aims to analyze the legal status of AI-based photo manipulation through a thematic hadith analysis approach (tahlil maudhu’i). The research employs a qualitative, literature-based method (library research), with primary sources consisting of hadiths on tashwir found in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. Data were collected through hadith takhrij, documentary studies, and analysis of the opinions of classical and contemporary scholars. The results of the study reveal four main themes: al-mudhahah bi khalqillah, the context and purpose of use, al-shidq wa tahrim al-tadlis, and rukhsah. The study concludes that the ruling on AI-based photo manipulation is contextual. Manipulation that realistically produces a new image or contains elements of deception is deemed haram, whereas technical manipulation that does not alter the identity of the object and is performed for a specific benefit may be permitted under certain conditions.
Co-Authors Bilqis, Zahrani Camelia Firdaus, Rian Ahmad Ashab Muhammad Wahid Abdullah