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Tanggung Jawab Negara Memelihara Anak Terlantar Perspektif Negara Kesejahteraan.: State Responsibility in the Care of Abandoned Children: A Welfare State Perspective Sulistiyono, Firman Octhaviana; Efendi, Aan; Al-Khanif
Constitution Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Constitution Journal June 2025
Publisher : UIN Kiai Haji Ahmad Sidiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v4i1.133

Abstract

Article 34 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia states that "the poor and neglected children are cared for by the state." Although this constitutional guarantee has been clearly regulated, many neglected children in Indonesia have not fully received their rights. The gap between the constitutional mandate and the implementation of this policy reflects an urgent social problem, considering that neglected children are a vulnerable group that requires special attention within the framework of a welfare state. This normative legal research uses a legislative, conceptual, and historical approach. The results of the study indicate that protecting neglected children is a constitutional responsibility and an integral part of social welfare policy. The government is obliged to build a fair, comprehensive, and sustainable protection system through synergy between institutions and community involvement. Child protection policies aim to guarantee the rights of children—especially neglected children—to live, grow, and develop optimally and be protected from violence, discrimination, and neglect. Therefore, comprehensive policy reform needs to be carried out, with a focus on empowering families and communities, providing rehabilitation services, law enforcement, and broad public education. Abstrak Pasal 34 ayat (1) UUD Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 menyatakan bahwa "fakir miskin dan anak-anak yang terlantar dipelihara oleh negara." Meskipun jaminan konstitusional ini telah diatur secara jelas, banyak anak terlantar di Indonesia yang belum sepenuhnya mendapatkan hak-haknya. Kesenjangan antara amanat konstitusi dan implementasi kebijakan ini mencerminkan persoalan sosial yang mendesak, mengingat anak terlantar merupakan kelompok rentan yang membutuhkan perhatian khusus dalam kerangka negara kesejahteraan. Penelitian yuridis normatif ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan historis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan anak terlantar merupakan tanggung jawab konstitusional dan bagian integral dari kebijakan kesejahteraan sosial. Pemerintah wajib membangun sistem perlindungan yang adil, menyeluruh, dan berkelanjutan melalui sinergi antar lembaga serta pelibatan masyarakat. Kebijakan perlindungan anak bertujuan menjamin hak anak—terutama anak terlantar—untuk hidup, tumbuh, dan berkembang secara optimal serta terlindungi dari kekerasan, diskriminasi, dan penelantaran. Oleh karena itu, reformasi kebijakan yang komprehensif perlu dilakukan, dengan fokus pada pemberdayaan keluarga dan masyarakat, penyediaan layanan rehabilitasi, penegakan hukum, dan edukasi publik secara luas.
Tanggung Jawab Negara terhadap Pencemaran Lingkungan dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia Ubaidillah, Lutfian; Sulistiyono, Firman Octhaviana; Setyawan, Fendi; Rato, Dominikus
Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): RESLAJ: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/reslaj.v8i1.10460

Abstract

Environmental pollution caused by inadequate waste management has serious impacts on public quality of life and constitutes a violation of human rights. This research aims to analyze the responsibilities of the state in addressing environmental pollution and examine its relation to the fulfillment of the right to a clean and healthy environment as guaranteed by Article 28H paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and international human rights instruments. This study employs a normative juridical method using statute and conceptual approaches. The findings reveal that the state, through central and regional governments, has a constitutional obligation to implement systematic, integrated, and sustainable waste management in order to protect citizens’ rights to a proper environment. Failure to fulfill this responsibility results in environmental degradation, increased public health risks, and human rights violations. Law enforcement, institutional strengthening, public participation, and good environmental governance are necessary to ensure a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment as a form of respect for human dignity.