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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif Nucleus Journal PATRIOTIK: Jurnal Inovasi dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Tutuka, Rachmadi
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Pengaruh Kecepatan Screw, Feeder, dan Temperatur Pemanas terhadap Proses Ekstrusi Bijih Plastik Daur Ulang Menggunakan Mesin Extruder Nugroho, Muhammad Erwin Cahyo; Tutuka, Rachmadi
Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif Vol 5 No 2 (2025): JUPIN Mei 2025
Publisher : CV Firmos

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54082/jupin.1524

Abstract

Limbah plastik berbasis polyethylene terephthalate (PET) dari botol bekas merupakan salah satu penyumbang utama pencemaran lingkungan akibat volumenya yang tinggi dan proses dekomposisi yang lambat. Pencemaran dari limbah ini memerlukan penanganan berbasis teknologi daur ulang. Salah satu metode pengolahannya adalah proses ekstrusi yang mengubah limbah menjadi bijih plastik yang dapat digunakan kembali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi kecepatan screw, kecepatan feeder, dan temperatur pemanas pada proses ekstrusi terhadap kualitas bijih plastik hasil daur ulang. Metode eksperimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan mesin extruder, memvariasikan kecepatan screw, kecepatan feeder, dan temperatur pemanas, serta menjaga kecepatan pemotongan tetap. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap rasio screw/feeder dan efisiensi pemotongan yang dihitung dari rasio kecepatan pemotong terhadap kecepatan feeder. Penilaian kualitas bijih dilakukan melalui pengamatan visual homogenitas dan stabilitas bentuk produk. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rasio screw/feeder antara 2,0–2,5 menghasilkan bijih dengan bentuk paling seragam dan stabil. Efisiensi pemotongan paling tinggi didapat hanya 15% memengaruhi kualitas bijih plastik yang menunjukkan kesesuaian laju aliran material antara kecepatan feeder dan kecepatan pemotong. Perhitungan kecepatan pemotong ideal diperoleh sebesar 128 rpm, sedangkan kecepatan konstan extruder ini adalah 140 rpm dinilai terlalu tinggi sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan cacat produk dan ukuran yang bervariasi. Kombinasi parameter optimal diperoleh pada kecepatan screw 25 rpm, feeder 10 rpm, dan temperatur 220°C. Pengaturan parameter proses yang seimbang diperlukan dalam menghasilkan bijih plastik berkualitas tinggi dari limbah PET daur ulang. Temuan ini berkontribusi dalam pengembangan teknologi ekstrusi plastik daur ulang yang efisien dan ramah lingkungan.
Integrasi Filler Berbasis Limbah Pertanian terhadap Sifat Material Bioplastik Polylactic Acid (PLA): Tinjauan Literatur Terstruktur Betariani, Khairunisa; Rahayu, Puji; Tutuka, Rachmadi
Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif Vol 5 No 2 (2025): JUPIN Mei 2025
Publisher : CV Firmos

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54082/jupin.1532

Abstract

Krisis lingkungan akibat akumulasi plastik berbasis minyak bumi mendorong pengembangan material alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Polylactic Acid (PLA), sebagai bioplastik biodegradable dari sumber terbarukan, menjanjikan solusi pengganti plastik konvensional, namun sifatnya yang rapuh dan produksinya yang mahal membatasi penggunaannya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan filler berbasis limbah pertanian terhadap peningkatan sifat fisik dan mekanik PLA. Studi ini merupakan tinjauan literatur terstruktur dengan menganalisis 32 artikel ilmiah dari 2017–2025. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa filler dari limbah seperti sekam padi (5% berat) dapat meningkatkan tensile strength hingga 55%, yield stress sebesar 88%, dan menurunkan laju transmisi oksigen (OTR) hingga 52%. Kulit delima (15% berat) memperkuat komposit dengan peningkatan modulus tarik sebesar 42% dan impact strength sebesar 41%. Biochar dari biomassa karbonisasi juga meningkatkan kekakuan dan stabilitas termal hingga suhu degradasi awal naik 15–18°C. Sebaliknya, filler dari tapioka dan cangkang telur menunjukkan penurunan kekuatan mekanik pada konsentrasi tinggi (>20–30%). Pemanfaatan limbah pertanian sebagai filler dalam PLA berpotensi meningkatkan performa material sekaligus mendukung ekonomi sirkular. Namun, keberhasilannya sangat tergantung pada jenis filler, komposisi, dan kesesuaian interaksi antarfasa. Kajian lanjutan diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan formulasi komposit.
Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik Dengan Mesin Pencacah di Infrastruktur Industri Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu Asari Rahayu, Puji; Tutuka, Rachmadi; Pasaribu, Monita; Jerry, Jerry; Ikhsandy, Ferry; Luthfi, Muhammad Zulfikar; Betariani, Khairunisa; Nury, Dennis Farina; Zulkipli, Rohiman Ahmad; Nugroho , Muhammad Erwin Cahyo
PATRIOTIKA: Jurnal Inovasi dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Vol 1 No 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The increasing problem of plastic waste has become one of the biggest environmental challenges in the world today. To overcome this problem, the development of plastic shredding technology is an effective solution to support the plastic recycling process. This study aims to design and develop an efficient and environmentally friendly plastic waste shredding machine, which is able to reduce the volume of plastic waste and facilitate the recycling process. The research methodology includes identifying user needs, literature studies, developing design concepts, detailed design using software, prototyping, and testing and evaluating machine performance. The designed shredding machine has a shredding capacity of 50 kg/hour with lower energy consumption compared to existing commercial shredding machines. Consistent machine testing in producing plastic flakes with uniform sizes, which are suitable for further recycling processes. Performance analysis relates to machines that are able to process various types of plastic, including PET, HDPE, and PP, with high shredding efficiency. The developed plastic shredding machine is able to provide a practical solution for plastic waste management by optimizing the recycling process and reducing negative impacts on the environment. The development of this plastic shredding machine is expected to contribute significantly to efforts to reduce plastic waste and support environmental sustainability.
Pengaruh Kecepatan Screw dan Feeder pada Mesin Extruder terhadap Karakteristik Hasil Bijih Plastik Muhammad Erwin Cahyo Nugroho; Tutuka, Rachmadi; Ahmad Zulkipli, Rohiman
Nucleus Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): May
Publisher : Universitas Darul Ulum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32492/nucleus.v4i1.4102

Abstract

The problem of plastic waste, especially from PET bottles, continues to increase and prompts the need for innovation in processing waste into high-value products. One method used is the extrusion process, which can produce plastic ore from recycled plastic waste. This study aims to examine the effect of variations in screw speed and feeder speed in extruder machines on the characteristics of plastic ore yield. The material used was used PET plastic bottle flakes, while the cutting speed was kept constant throughout the process. Evaluation was conducted based on the ratio between screw and feeder speed to see the impact on the homogeneity, size, and shape stability of the plastic ore produced. The data combination with the range at screw speed (Ns) = 25 rpm; feeder speed (Nf) = 10 rpm appeared repeatedly and showed stable performance based on the observation test. This combination is most likely the optimal operating parameter. At a stable screw/feeder ratio of 2:1 to 2.5:1, the ore yield is more uniform and dimensional consistency is higher. The calculation results show that the ideal cutting speed is 132 rpm. The current extruder machine tool design set at only 140 rpm constant speed is too fast for this condition. Screw speed and feed rate affect the mass flow rate and melting temperature of the material. The cutting speed must be matched with the material output rate from the extruder to produce a consistent size of plastic ore. The results show that a balanced speed ratio provides a uniform size distribution and a more stable ore shape, while speed imbalance can give rise to product defects such as bubbles, rough surface, and non-uniform shape. The results of this research discussion show the importance of proper process parameter settings in extrusion systems to produce high-quality plastic ore from recycled materials.
Co-Authors Betariani, Khairunisa Dennis Farina Nury Ferry Ikhsandy Jerry, Jerry Monita Pasaribu Muhammad Erwin Cahyo Nugroho Muhammad Zulfikar Luthfi Nugroho , Muhammad Erwin Cahyo Nugroho, Muhammad Erwin Cahyo Puji Rahayu Zulkipli, Rohiman Ahmad