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All Journal AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Haqiki, Zahra Tazkiyatun
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Field Response to Pustule Bacteria and Yield of Several Soybean Varieties in the Mahogany Agroforestry System Under El Niño Dry Season in 2023 Haqiki, Zahra Tazkiyatun; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono; Poromarto, Susilo Hambeg
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 47, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v47i2.4430

Abstract

The factors that affect the low national soybean production are the reduction of agricultural land, the dry season, and extreme temperatures due to El Niño. Agroforestry can be one of the solutions, but the environmental conditions that make soybean plant growth less suitable can make it vulnerable to pathogens causing disease, such as a bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines. This research aimed to evaluate the field response to bacterial pustules and the yield potential of various soybean varieties in mahogany agroforestry systems under the stress of the 2023 El Niño drought. This research was carried out during the El Niño dry season, August-October 2023, in the Alas Bromo Special Purpose Forest Area, Karanganyar District, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. The research design used in this research was a complete randomized design with the factor of soybean varieties using six varieties planted under mahogany tree stands. The observed variables were height, the number of leaves, disease incidence, disease severity, infection rate, and area under the disease progression curve (AUDPC). The result showed that two varieties resistant to bacterial pustule: Agromulyo and Denasa-2. El Niño, dry season stress, causes low yield productivity; the highest yield was just 0.6 t/ha, produced by the Argomulyo variety.
Evaluasi Efektivitas Mikoriza dan Pupuk Organik terhadap Pengendalian Serangan Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Cepae pada Bawang Putih Supyani, Supyani; Septariani, Dwiwiyati Nurul; Haqiki, Zahra Tazkiyatun; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 25, No 2 (2023): Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/agsjpa.v25i2.71308

Abstract

The main problem in garlic cultivation was root rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae. Environmentally friendly control following sustainable agriculture can be used to increase plant resistance by providing biological fertilizers such as mycorrhizae and organic fertilizers such as compost and husk charcoal. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of mycorrhizae and organic fertilizers against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae. The research was conducted from June to November 2021 at the Tawangmangu Horticultural Seed Garden in Jl. Raya Tawangmangu, Beji, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar. Laboratory test was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022 at Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases and Laboratory of Soil Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University. The method used was completely randomized design with a combination of mycorrhizae treatment (2 gr plant -1), compost fertilizer (16 ton ha-1), and husk charcoal fertilizer (6 ton ha-1). The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and then continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that mycorrhizae gave 22.95% effectiveness in wilting control and 20.93% in tuber rot control. Organic fertilizers provide the wilting effectiveness control by 9.27% (compost) and 8.06% (husk charcoal), as well as tuber rot effectiveness control by 27.91% (compost) and 25.58% (husk charcoal). The combination of mycorrhizae and organic fertilizers gave the highest wilt control effectiveness of 26.07% in the combination of mycorrhizae, compost, and husk bran. The effectiveness of tuber rot control was found in the combination of Mycorrhizae and compost, which was 34.88%.
A Review: Bacterial Pustule of Soybean Caused by Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv. Glycines: Epidemiology, Economic Impact, and Status in Indonesia Haqiki, Zahra Tazkiyatun; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i2.112954

Abstract

Soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill) are the most important commodity after rice and corn. Soybeans are used as food, feed, and materials for the food industry. One of the major biological constraints to soybean productivity is bacterial pustule disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag), a pathogen favored by warm and humid environments. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and economic losses associated with soybean bacterial pustule, with particular emphasis on its status in Indonesia. Available studies indicate that bacterial pustule is widely distributed in major soybean-producing regions, with reported disease severity ranging from 12% to 70%. Under favorable environmental conditions, yield losses may reach 7–40%, primarily due to defoliation, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, and decreased seed size and number. Disease development is strongly associated with temperatures of 26–30 °C, high relative humidity, and prolonged leaf wetness, conditions commonly observed during the rainy season in tropical agroecosystems. Indonesia’s warm and humid tropical climate provides suitable conditions for pathogen survival, dispersal, and infection, particularly during the rainy season. This review highlights key knowledge gaps and underscores the need for integrated epidemiological assessments to mitigate yield losses and to support sustainable soybean production in Indonesia.
Co-Authors . Hadiwiyono Dwiwiyati Nurul Septariani, Dwiwiyati Nurul Poromarto, Susilo Hambeg Supyani Supyani