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All Journal Agrikultura AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi PRIMA: Journal of Community Empowering and Services Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology
. Hadiwiyono
Faculty Of Agriculture Sebelas Maret University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

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EFFECT OF ALTITUDE AND WOUNDING ON BLOOD DISEASE PROGRESS OF PLANTAIN Hadiwiyono, S. Subandiyah, C. Sumardiyono, J. Widada, and M. Fegan.
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 7 No. 2 (2007): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (66.812 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.27111-116

Abstract

Effect of Altitude and Wounding on Blood Disease Progress of Plantain. In the latest decade, the blood disease of banana has spread in almost all provinces in Indonesia and caused wilting of millions banana clusters in several provinces. It is very difficult to control the disease due to the base data about ecology and epidemiology of the pathogen are still poorly understood. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of wounding of inoculation site on blood disease progress of plantain. The experiment was arranged using randomized completely block design It was conducted at three locations with altitude of 100, 1000, and 1600 m above sea levels as replication block. The treatments were wounding, unwounding inoculation site, inoculation, and uninoculation of plantain cv. Kepok Kuning Wounding was applied by stabbing with an injection pin around the corm of 15 stabs/seedling. The seedlings were planted singly in one liter of non sterile soil in plastic bag. Each treatment consisted of 5 seedlings which was replicated 3 times. Inoculation was done by soil drenching of 20 ml bacterial suspension at concentration of 108 cfu/ml two week after planting. The pathogen used for inoculation originated from low land area (about 100 m above sea level). Observation was done weekly for 5 weeks. The variables observed were wilt intensity and area under disease progress (AUDPC). The results showed that blood disease was able to establish at altitude of 1600 m above sea level. The disease progress however was slower that those at 100 and 1000 m above sea level. On wounded seedling, the disease progress was more aggressive than those on unwounded one.
Kompatibilitas dan Efektivitas Azospirillum dan Streptomyces untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Moler pada Bawang Merah di Alfisol Jumantono Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono; Fitriana, Faedah; Poromarto, Susilo Hambeg; Cahyani, Vita Ratri
Agrikultura Vol 34, No 3 (2023): Desember, 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v34i3.50413

Abstract

Pengaruh Azospirillum sp. dan Streptomyces sp. secara terpisah sebagai perlakuan tunggal pada kegiatan budidaya tanaman telah banyak dilaporkan pada penelitian sebelumnya, tetapi sebagai perlakuan kombinasi sebagai agens hayati masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kompatibilitas dan efektivitas Azospirillum sp. dan Streptomyces sp. untuk pengendalian penyakit moler yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (FOCe) dan pertumbuhan bawang merah di tanah Alfisol Jumantono. Penelitian terdiri dari uji in vitro (uji antagonisme dan uji kompatibilitas) dan uji in vivo (penanaman pada polybag di screen house). Uji in vitro dilakukan dengan metode dual culture sementara uji in vivo dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari perlakuan tanpa agens pengendali hayati, aplikasi fungisida, Azospirillum sp., Streptomyces sp., dan kombinasi Azospirillum sp. dengan Streptomyces sp. semua perlakuan diinkulasikan dengan FOCe.Variabel yang diamati pada uji in vitro yaitu kompatibilitas dan penghambatan pertumbuhan koloni FOCe, sementara pada uji in vivo variabel yang diamati adalah penghambatan terhadap intensitase penyakit serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan bawang merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara in vitro Azospirillum sp. dan Streptomyces sp. kompatibel satu sama lain. Streptomyces sp. menekan pertumbuhan FOCe sebesar 52.96% lebih baik daripada Azospirillum sp. Akan tetapi, hasil uji in vivo menunjukkan Azospirillum sp. dan Streptomyces sp., baik secara individu maupun bersama-sama, belum berhasil memberikan pengendalian yang optimal terhadap penyakit moler pada bawang merah yang ditanam di tanah Alfisols Jumantono. Meskipun aplikasinya mampu mengurangi intensitas penyakit moler, tingkat efektivitasnya termasuk dalam kategori kurang. Selain itu, dampaknya terhadap parameter pertumbuhan bawang merah juga belum hasil yang diharapkan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan dalam metode aplikasi agens pengendali hayati guna mencapai hasil yang diinginkan.
Field Response to Pustule Bacteria and Yield of Several Soybean Varieties in the Mahogany Agroforestry System Under El Niño Dry Season in 2023 Haqiki, Zahra Tazkiyatun; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono; Poromarto, Susilo Hambeg
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 47, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v47i2.4430

Abstract

The factors that affect the low national soybean production are the reduction of agricultural land, the dry season, and extreme temperatures due to El Niño. Agroforestry can be one of the solutions, but the environmental conditions that make soybean plant growth less suitable can make it vulnerable to pathogens causing disease, such as a bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines. This research aimed to evaluate the field response to bacterial pustules and the yield potential of various soybean varieties in mahogany agroforestry systems under the stress of the 2023 El Niño drought. This research was carried out during the El Niño dry season, August-October 2023, in the Alas Bromo Special Purpose Forest Area, Karanganyar District, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. The research design used in this research was a complete randomized design with the factor of soybean varieties using six varieties planted under mahogany tree stands. The observed variables were height, the number of leaves, disease incidence, disease severity, infection rate, and area under the disease progression curve (AUDPC). The result showed that two varieties resistant to bacterial pustule: Agromulyo and Denasa-2. El Niño, dry season stress, causes low yield productivity; the highest yield was just 0.6 t/ha, produced by the Argomulyo variety.
Identification of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria around Pulang Pisang Food Estate, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Andriani, Lutfi Tri; Poromarto, Susilo Hambeg; Supyani, Supyani; Purwanto, Edi; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.225169-178

Abstract

Plant growth-promoting bacteria are well known as biostimulants, biofertilizers, bioprotectants, and biodegraders. The Pulang Pisau Food Estate is an Indonesian government program aimed at increasing rice crop production to achieve sustainable food self-sufficiency. Research on rhizobacteria in the Pulang Pisau Food Estate area is still relatively limited. In this study, we conducted in vitro assays to evaluate the potential of indigenous bacterial isolates from the Pulang Pisau Food Estate as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The study focused on four bacterial isolates, which were tested for plant growth-promoting traits including phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, effects on rice seed germination, and detached leaf assays to assess the ability of rhizobacteria to inhibit bacterial pathogens. The results of 16S rRNA gene identification suggested that isolates UNS-P1, UNS-P3, and UNS-R1 were closely related to Bacillus cereus, while one previously identified isolate (UNS-R2) was confirmed as Bacillus subtilis. All bacterial strains were able to produce IAA, while only one isolate demonstrated the ability to solubilize phosphate. In the germination test, no significant differences were observed in root length, but a significant difference in shoot (plant) height was detected. Bacillus subtilis (UNS-R2), at a 10³ dilution, resulted in significantly greater plant height compared to other treatments. Among the four bacterial isolates, only one showed the ability to inhibit the pathogen Pantoea ananatis. These results suggest that indigenous bacterial isolates from the Pulang Pisau Food Estate have potential as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and may contribute to enhancing plant growth and serve as biocontrol agents against P. ananatis.
Evaluasi Efektivitas Mikoriza dan Pupuk Organik terhadap Pengendalian Serangan Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Cepae pada Bawang Putih Supyani, Supyani; Septariani, Dwiwiyati Nurul; Haqiki, Zahra Tazkiyatun; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 25, No 2 (2023): Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/agsjpa.v25i2.71308

Abstract

The main problem in garlic cultivation was root rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae. Environmentally friendly control following sustainable agriculture can be used to increase plant resistance by providing biological fertilizers such as mycorrhizae and organic fertilizers such as compost and husk charcoal. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of mycorrhizae and organic fertilizers against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae. The research was conducted from June to November 2021 at the Tawangmangu Horticultural Seed Garden in Jl. Raya Tawangmangu, Beji, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar. Laboratory test was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022 at Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases and Laboratory of Soil Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University. The method used was completely randomized design with a combination of mycorrhizae treatment (2 gr plant -1), compost fertilizer (16 ton ha-1), and husk charcoal fertilizer (6 ton ha-1). The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and then continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that mycorrhizae gave 22.95% effectiveness in wilting control and 20.93% in tuber rot control. Organic fertilizers provide the wilting effectiveness control by 9.27% (compost) and 8.06% (husk charcoal), as well as tuber rot effectiveness control by 27.91% (compost) and 25.58% (husk charcoal). The combination of mycorrhizae and organic fertilizers gave the highest wilt control effectiveness of 26.07% in the combination of mycorrhizae, compost, and husk bran. The effectiveness of tuber rot control was found in the combination of Mycorrhizae and compost, which was 34.88%.
Pemanfaatan Minyak Serai Sebagai Bahan Aktif Nanovirusida untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Kuning pada Cabai Septariani, Dwiwiyati Nurul; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono; Harsono, Puji; Mawar, Munti'ah
PRIMA: Journal of Community Empowering and Services Vol 4, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/prima.v4i2.39797

Abstract

Cabai merupakan komoditas yang penting secara ekonomi bagi Kelompok Tani Sidoluhur dan Kelompok Wanita Tani Puteri Petani Mandiri di Desa Cabeyan, Kecamatan Bendosari, Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Minimnya pengetahuan petani tentang pengendalian OPT menyebabkan pertanaman cabai terkendala berbagai penyakit terutama virus kuning yang dapat menurunkan hasil hingga 100%. Akhir-akhir ini berkembang formulasi nanoteknologi yang dapat meningkatkan efektivitas pestisida nabati. Nanoteknologi pestisida adalah formulasi partikel nanopestisida yang meningkatkan kelarutan, tingkat disolusi, dan dispersi saat aplikasi sehingga meningkatkan efikasi pestisida. Salah satu jenisnya yaitu nanovirusida yang berfungsi menekan infeksi virus pada tanaman. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan memperkenalkan nanovirusida nabati untuk mengatasi masalah penyakit pada pertanaman cabai. Metode kegiatan berupa penyuluhan mengenai cara mengendalikan berbagai organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT) pada cabai, pembuatan demplot pembibitan, serta pelatihan teknis budidaya cabai dengan nanovirusida nabati. Aplikasi nanovirusida di lahan cabai lokasi mitra terbukti efektif menurunkan intensitas penyakit kuning lebih dari 50% dibandingkan tanpa pengendalian. Hasil kegiatan yang diperoleh berupa peningkatan keterampilan petani pada pengendalian virus kuning dan serangga penularnya dengan nanovirusida.
Effectiveness of Biofilmed Biofertilizer with Balanced Phosphate Fertilizer Dosage in Suppressing Purple Blotch Disease Intensity and Increasing Garlic Yield on Andisol Soil in Tawangmangu Madjid, Mohammad Fikri Halim; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono; Sudadi, Sudadi; Poromarto, Susilo Hamberg
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i2.114347

Abstract

Garlic productivity in Indonesia is often constrained by purple blotch disease (Alternaria porri) . A sustainable control alternative involves utilizing biofilmed biofertilizer (BiO2) combined with phosphate (P) fertilizer . This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of balancing BiO2 and P dosage in suppressing purple blotch disease intensity and increasing garlic yield on Andisol soil in Tawangmangu . The research was conducted from May to September 2024 using a single-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments: P0 (0% P + 100% NK + BiO2), P1 (50% P + 100% NK + BiO2), P2 (100% P + 100% NK + BiO2), and P3 (100% NPK without BiO2) . Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by DMRT at a 95% significance level . Results indicated that combining BiO2 with P fertilizer was highly effective; it suppressed leaf spot disease intensity by 49.47% and increased garlic yields by 20.91% compared to the control . This confirms that integrating BiO2 with appropriate P fertilization is a viable strategy for improving garlic productivity in Andisol soil .
Potential of Trichocompost to Improve Organic Garlic Production in Fusarium Wilt–Endemic Fields in Tawangmangu, Central Java Poromarto, Susilo Hambeg; Supyani, Supyani; Widono, Salim; Septariani, Dwiwiyati Nurul; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono; Enggartiasto, Argha Hyta Dimas
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i1.111410

Abstract

Garlic is a high-value commodity in Tawangmangu, one of its major production centers in Central Java. However, productivity in this region is seriously affected by Fusarium, the pathogen causes basal rot and wilting in the upper parts of the plant. The disease known as basal rot or Fusarium wilt, with the disease intensity in the field can exceeding  60%. Currently, chemical control remains the primary management strategies, which in organic farming, this practice is not acceptable. Therefore, environmentally friendly alternatives are required, such as using organic fertilizers, biological control agent like Trichoderma or combination. Trichoderma is also known as a cellulolytic microbe, which can enhance the composting process and produce Trichompost with improved quality. Field experiment results indicate that Trichocompost (TC) performs better compared to compost (C), Trichoderma (T), or untreated treatment. This findings suggest that garlic treated with Trichocompost and organic fertilizer show better growth with lower wilting intensity. Therefore, there is an indication that increased plant growth can reduce the intensity of Fusarium wilt in garlic.
A Review: Bacterial Pustule of Soybean Caused by Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv. Glycines: Epidemiology, Economic Impact, and Status in Indonesia Haqiki, Zahra Tazkiyatun; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v5i2.112954

Abstract

Soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill) are the most important commodity after rice and corn. Soybeans are used as food, feed, and materials for the food industry. One of the major biological constraints to soybean productivity is bacterial pustule disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag), a pathogen favored by warm and humid environments. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and economic losses associated with soybean bacterial pustule, with particular emphasis on its status in Indonesia. Available studies indicate that bacterial pustule is widely distributed in major soybean-producing regions, with reported disease severity ranging from 12% to 70%. Under favorable environmental conditions, yield losses may reach 7–40%, primarily due to defoliation, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, and decreased seed size and number. Disease development is strongly associated with temperatures of 26–30 °C, high relative humidity, and prolonged leaf wetness, conditions commonly observed during the rainy season in tropical agroecosystems. Indonesia’s warm and humid tropical climate provides suitable conditions for pathogen survival, dispersal, and infection, particularly during the rainy season. This review highlights key knowledge gaps and underscores the need for integrated epidemiological assessments to mitigate yield losses and to support sustainable soybean production in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Andriani, Lutfi Tri Dedy Prasetyo Devi Puji Rahayu Dwiwiyati Nurul Septariani, Dwiwiyati Nurul Edi Purwanto Enggartiasto, Argha Hyta Dimas Fitriana, Faedah Haqiki, Zahra Tazkiyatun Hardjono Sri Gutomo, Hardjono Sri I Gusti Bagus Wiksuana I Ketut Suada Madjid, Mohammad Fikri Halim Mawar, Munti'ah Poromarto, Susilo Hambeg Poromarto, Susilo Hamberg Puji Harsono, Puji Salim Widono Sudadi Sudadi Supyani Supyani Vita Ratri Cahyani