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All Journal Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Aksioreligia : Jurnal Studi Keislaman
Wanandi, Zulfian
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Religion Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Physics Social Sciences

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Reforming Lunar Calendar in Indonesia: The Academic Legacy of Muhammad Basiuni Imran Wanandi, Zulfian; Suhardiman, Suhardiman; Masuwd, Mowafg Abrahem
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2025.7.1.25950

Abstract

This study examines Muhammad Basiuni Imran's views on determining the beginning of the lunar month as outlined in his book entitled Ḥusn al-Jawāb ‘an Itsbāt al-Ahillah bi al-Ḥisāb. He emphasized that differences between rukyat (moon sighting) and ḥisāb (astronomical calculation) should not divide Muslims. Imran argued that using ḥisāb to determine the start of fasting and Islamic holidays is valid in Islam, as it offers a systematic and reliable approach. This library study uses primary and secondary sources, with data collected through interviews and documentation and analyzed using a descriptive-analytical method. The study reveals two key findings. First, Muhammad Basiuni Imran favored ḥisāb over rukyat for determining the lunar month, as it provides greater accuracy, such as precisely locating the crescent and setting prayer times using clocks. Second, his views were shaped by his teachers, including Rashid Rida from Egypt, Ahmad Khatib Al-Minangkabawi, and Shaykh Tahir Jalaluddin, a pioneer of ḥisāb in the Nusantara.
Dialektika Otoritas Keagamaan dan Ilmu Pengetahuan dalam Penetapan Awal Bulan Kamariah Jayadi, Haeruman; Wanandi, Zulfian; Kurniawan
Aksioreligia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Aksioreligia : Jurnal Studi Keislaman
Publisher : CV Global Research Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59996/aksioreligia.v3i1.769

Abstract

Penetapan awal bulan kamariah dalam kalender hijriah merupakan isu krusial dalam kehidupan keagamaan umat Islam yang memengaruhi pelaksanaan ibadah-ibadah utama seperti puasa Ramadan, Idul Fitri, dan Idul Adha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika epistemologis, institusional, dan sosial di balik konflik antara metode rukyat (pengamatan visual) dan hisab (perhitungan astronomi), serta mengeksplorasi berbagai model harmonisasi yang berkembang di negara-negara Muslim seperti Indonesia, Arab Saudi, dan Turki. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan studi pustaka, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan metode tersebut tidak hanya mencerminkan pertentangan antara wahyu dan rasio, tetapi juga melibatkan aspek otoritas keagamaan, legitimasi syar’i, dan tantangan politik serta budaya. Upaya harmonisasi seperti kriteria imkanur rukyat MABIMS dan gagasan Kalender Hijriah Global menunjukkan arah menuju integrasi antara sains dan syariat, meskipun masih menghadapi hambatan struktural. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya dialog lintas disiplin antara ulama dan ilmuwan demi tercapainya sistem kalender Islam yang seragam, ilmiah, dan tetap otentik secara keagamaan.
Co-Authors Haeruman Jayadi Kurniawan Masuwd, Mowafg Abrahem Suhardiman Suhardiman