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All Journal QOSIM: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial & Humaniora Kajian Ilmiah Hukum dan Kenegaraan
Hasan, Sawia
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Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Memberikan Putusan pada Kasus Pembunuhan Begal untuk Melindungi Diri Hasan, Sawia
Kajian Ilmiah Hukum dan Kenegaraan Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : Penerbit Goodwood

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/kihan.v3i2.5026

Abstract

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the judge's legal reasoning in a murder case involving self-defense by a minor, specifically evaluating the application of Article 49 of the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) on necessary defense (noodweer), and assessing whether the verdict adhered to the principles of justice, benefit, and legal certainty. Research methodology: The study employs normative legal research with conceptual and case approaches. Legal materials include primary sources (statutory provisions and court rulings), secondary sources (books and journal articles), and tertiary sources (legal encyclopedias and dictionaries). Data collection was conducted through literature and document analysis, and the data were examined using statutory interpretation, legal theory, and jurisprudential review. Results: The findings indicate that the judge's decision to convict the minor under Article 351(3) KUHP for causing death through violence did not adequately consider the relevance of Article 49 KUHP regarding self-defense. The court focused on the delay between the threat and the act of defense, neglecting the child's psychological condition and the urgency of the situation. Although based on prosecutorial evidence, the verdict failed to incorporate contextual factors such as fear, coercion, and instinctive reaction, which were critical in triggering the defendant’s response. Conclusions: The judicial reasoning lacked depth in examining the mental and emotional state of the minor, reflecting a rigid interpretation of the law that may compromise restorative justice and child-sensitive adjudication. Limitations: The study is limited to a single judicial decision and does not incorporate empirical data or psychological expert assessments, limiting the analysis of mental condition and its legal implications. Contribution: This research highlights the importance of contextual and psychological analysis in judicial discretion for cases involving minors and contributes to the discourse on fair application of self-defense provisions in Indonesian criminal law.
Pendekatan Diversi Dalam Kasus Tawuran Anak Yang Dipicu Oleh Mabuk Alkohol Hasan, Sawia
Jurnal QOSIM : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial & Humaniora Vol 4 No 3 (2026): 2026
Publisher : Yayasan pendidikan dzurriyatul Quran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61104/jq.v4i3.5488

Abstract

Dalam kasus tawuran anak yang disebabkan oleh konsumsi alkohol, serta pertanggungjawaban pidana anak dari perspektif hukum positif di Indonesia, ada banyak faktor yang dapat memengaruhi tawuran anak yang mabuk alkohol, seperti faktor sosial, keluarga, dan lingkungan. Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak dikaji dengan yuridis normatif dalam penelitian ini. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa diversi adalah metode penting untuk menyelesaikan kasus anak dengan menerapkan keadilan restoratif, yang berarti mengembalikan hubungan antara pelaku, korban, dan masyarakat. Setiap tahap peradilan pidana anak harus diperbarui. Ini tidak berlaku untuk pelanggaran yang telah dilakukan satu kali lagi, serta untuk pelanggaran dengan ancaman yang telah berlangsung selama 7 (tujuh) tahun. Namun demikian, masih ada masalah normatif dan praktis yang terkait dengan penerapan diversi. Ini termasuk kemungkinan pelanggaran prinsip praduga tidak bersalah dan cakupan perkara yang terbatas. Anak-anak dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban dalam hal pertanggungjawaban pidana karena kondisi psikologis mereka dan tingkat kedewasaan mereka. Akibatnya, sanksi yang diberikan lebih ringan dan mendidik. Oleh karena itu, prinsip kepentingan terbaik bagi anak dan pendekatan rehabilitatif harus menjadi pilar utama dalam menangani masalah anak.
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