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All Journal JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia
Monica, Dheya Cintya
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Keanekaragaman strain ulat grayak jagung Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) berdasarkan marker COI dan Tpi dengan kajian kepadatan populasi di Bali: Genetic diversity of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) strains based on COI and Tpi markers with population density analysis in Bali Monica, Dheya Cintya; Kusumah, Yayi Munara; Winasa, I Wayan
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 22 No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.22.1.41

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), known as fall armyworm (FAW), originating from America that devastates corn crop, causing up to 50% damage to corn crops in Bali. Molecular identification of strain diversity using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (mtCOI) and triosephosphate isomerase gene (Tpi) markers also population density monitoring are a fundamental method for monitoring, detecting and controlling these pests. This research aims to determine FAW strain based on COI and Tpi markers and their population density analysis at representative sites in Bali. This study involved several stages: samples collection; DNA extraction; amplification, visualization; Population density observation and sequencing; and data analysis. Data were analyzed using GeneStudio and BioEdit for editing and alignment, and MEGA 11 for constructing phylogenetic tree. Sequence analysis based on COIB indicated that samples from Bali comprised of 41.67% rice strains and 58.33% corn strains, with 100% of corn strain  haplotypes being h4 FAW [FL] from Florida. Based on Tpi marker, 100% of the samples were identified as corn strains with haplotypes Ca1 and Ca2. This study found that the FAW diversity in Bali consists of two strains and one haplotype based on COI (COI-R and COI-Ch4), while based on Tpi, there is only one strain  with two haplotypes (Tpi-Ca1 and Tpi-Ca2). The highest population density of FAW was observed in the Tabanan plot, with 6,8 larvae/sample unit. Early instar larvae (2–3) were predominant in 3 WAP whereas late instar larvae (4–6) were predominant in 5 WAP.
Distribution of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) strains and their association with different landscape structures in Bali, Indonesia Monica, Dheya Cintya; Kusumah , Yayi Munara; Winasa , I Wayan Winasa
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.12614-22

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda, commonly known as the Fall Armyworm (FAW), is an invasive pest originating from the Americas that poses a serious threat to maize production in Bali, with potential crop losses reaching up to 50%. To monitor its genetic distribution, this study employed molecular identification using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) and triosephosphate isomerase (Tpi) gene markers. The research aimed to identify FAW strains present in Bali and to assess their distribution across different landscape structures. The study consisted of four main stages: (1) sample and coordinate collection, (2) DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing, (3) molecular data analysis, and (4) spatial analysis using QGIS, Google Earth Pro, and RStudio 4.3.1 with a generalized linear model (GLM). showed that the COI-R/Tpi-C strain was dominant in the central (Badung and Tabanan) and eastern (Klungkung) regions of Bali, whereas the COI-C/Tpi-C strain was found in the northern (Buleleng), southern (Denpasar), and western (Jembrana) regions. FAW haplotypes were relatively evenly distributed across all sampling locations. No significant association was detected between FAW strain distribution and landscape structure, leaving unclear which vegetation types act as ecological corridors or barriers. The low strain and haplotype diversity observed across both gene markers suggests that genetic variation is largely confined within, rather than between, regions, resulting in a relatively uniform distribution of FAW haplotypes across Indonesia, including Bali.
Co-Authors I Wayan Winasa Kusumah , Yayi Munara Kusumah, Yayi Munara Winasa , I Wayan Winasa