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Ensuring Legal Protection for Halal Product Consumers in Indonesia’s Marketplaces: Shariah Compliance and Regulatory Gaps Khasanah, Karimatul; Salleh, Mohd Mahyeddin Mohd
Hikmatuna : Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies Vol 11 No 1 (2025): Hikmatuna: Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/hikmatuna.v11i1.10947

Abstract

This article critically examines the extent to which Indonesia’s leading marketplaces, i.e., Shopee, Tokopedia, and Lazada, uphold legal protections for consumers of halal products. Applying a juridical-empirical approach, the study explores the implementation of Law No. 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Guarantee and Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, focusing on the right to truthful product information and the legal validity of halal claims in digital marketplaces. Findings indicate a persistent regulatory gap between statutory mandates and actual marketplace practices: halal labelling is largely self-declared by sellers and rarely subjected to verification or certification enforcement by platforms. While these platforms comply with general consumer protection standards, they fail to ensure the specific legal obligations concerning halal authenticity as declared partially by the seller. Empirical evidence drawn from platform policies and consumer experiences underscores the urgent need for a more integrated regulatory framework involving government halal authorities, certification bodies, and digital marketplace operators. This study contributes to the broader discourse on digital consumer rights in Muslim-majority contexts and proposes actionable policy recommendations to strengthen halal assurance mechanisms in Indonesia’s digital economy.
Ensuring Legal Protection for Halal Product Consumers in Indonesia’s Marketplaces: Shariah Compliance and Regulatory Gaps Khasanah, Karimatul; Salleh, Mohd Mahyeddin Mohd
Hikmatuna : Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies Vol 11 No 1 (2025): Hikmatuna: Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies, June 2025
Publisher : UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/hikmatuna.v11i1.10947

Abstract

This article critically examines the extent to which Indonesia’s leading marketplaces, i.e., Shopee, Tokopedia, and Lazada, uphold legal protections for consumers of halal products. Applying a juridical-empirical approach, the study explores the implementation of Law No. 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Guarantee and Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, focusing on the right to truthful product information and the legal validity of halal claims in digital marketplaces. Findings indicate a persistent regulatory gap between statutory mandates and actual marketplace practices: halal labelling is largely self-declared by sellers and rarely subjected to verification or certification enforcement by platforms. While these platforms comply with general consumer protection standards, they fail to ensure the specific legal obligations concerning halal authenticity as declared partially by the seller. Empirical evidence drawn from platform policies and consumer experiences underscores the urgent need for a more integrated regulatory framework involving government halal authorities, certification bodies, and digital marketplace operators. This study contributes to the broader discourse on digital consumer rights in Muslim-majority contexts and proposes actionable policy recommendations to strengthen halal assurance mechanisms in Indonesia’s digital economy.
State-Religion Relations and Halal Governance: Islamic Legal Policy in Indonesia and Malaysia Humaidi, M. Wildan; Ridwan; Salleh, Mohd Mahyeddin Mohd
Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sharia Faculty of State Islamic University of Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri, Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/mnh.v20i1.15374

Abstract

The relationship between religion and the state has long been a subject of scholarly debate. This relationship is commonly classified into three dominant models: the integralist model, in which religion and the state are fully integrated; the secularist model, which maintains a strict separation between religious and political spheres; and the symbiotic-mutualistic model, which seeks a proportional balance between the two. This study examines how these frameworks are manifested in halal policy governance in Southeast Asia, with a particular focus on Indonesia and Malaysia. Employing a comparative qualitative approach, data were collected through document analysis, relevant scholarly sources, and interviews with key stakeholders. The findings indicate that constitutional recognition of religion does not necessarily determine the structure of halal policy governance. In Indonesia, halal policy is embedded within the state bureaucracy and religious authority through the Halal Product Assurance Law. In contrast, in Malaysia, halal certification is institutionalized under the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM), shaped by considerations of trade and economic development. In both cases, halal certification has evolved beyond a purely religious obligation into a strategic political–economic instrument with global relevance. This study concludes that halal governance reflects a hybridization of religious, political, and economic factors, highlighting the importance of analyzing halal policy within the framework of global political economy. The findings contribute theoretically to the growing field of halal political economy studies, particularly in understanding state–religion relations in Southeast Asia. Halal governance can no longer be viewed merely as an instrument of religious policy but has become a strategic domain within the global political economy.