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All Journal Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat SOSIO KONSEPSIA: JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL
Symon, Denas
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Humanities Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Dukungan Sosial terhadap Pengasuhan Balita Stunting: Perspektif Pengasuh di Nagari Tanjung Sumatera Barat Siswati, Hermaini; Afrizal; Djafri, Defriman; Symon, Denas
Sosio Konsepsia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesejahteraan Sosial Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): Sosio Konsepsia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesejahteraan Sosial
Publisher : Pusat Pendidikan, Pelatihan, dan Pengembangan Profesi Kesejahteraan Sosial (Pusdiklatbangprof Kesos), Kementerian Sosial RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33007/ska.v14i2.3525

Abstract

Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang kompleks di Indonesia, tidak hanya disebabkan oleh kekurangan gizi, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh pola pengasuhan yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran dukungan sosial dalam pengasuhan balita stunting di Nagari Tanjung, Sumatera Barat. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah mixed methods dengan desain explanatory sequential. Tahap kuantitatif melibatkan 47 pengasuh balita stunting melalui survei terstruktur, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan wawancara mendalam untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman subjektif pengasuh dalam menerima dan memanfaatkan dukungan sosial. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Chi-Square untuk menguji hubungan antarvariabel dan thematic analysis untuk menggali tema-tema kualitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tenaga kesehatan dan kader Posyandu menjadi aktor utama pemberi dukungan sosial, sementara keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan masih terbatas akibat tekanan ekonomi dan kuatnya norma budaya patriarki. Pengasuh menghadapi beragam hambatan, seperti akses terbatas terhadap pangan bergizi, kurangnya stimulasi perkembangan anak, serta rendahnya pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan. Dukungan sosial dari komunitas juga masih bersifat sporadis dan belum terstruktur secara berkelanjutan.Pemerintah memiliki peran strategis dalam membangun ekosistem intervensi berbasis komunitas, termasuk melalui program pendampingan dan pemberdayaan kader. Meskipun bantuan sosial seperti PKH dan BPNT telah disalurkan, upaya edukasi pola asuh masih belum mencapai efektivitas yang diharapkan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan program yang lebih intensif untuk mendorong keterlibatan ayah, meningkatkan keterampilan ekonomi keluarga, serta memperkuat peran komunitas sebagai jaringan dukungan sosial dalam pengasuhan anak stunting.
Promoting social transformation through basic social work training for the Nagari apparatus: a case study in West Sumatra Siswati, Hermaini; Afrizal; Djafri, Defriman; Symon, Denas
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 08 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i08.21002

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze why social support has not yet successfully transformed parenting behavior among caregivers of stunted toddlers in Nagari Tanjung, West Sumatra, and to identify internal and external barriers that prevent caregivers from accessing and utilizing the available support. Methods: We used an exploratory qualitative approach with a case study design, involving 47 caregivers of stunted toddlers. The findings highlight parenting barriers and provide a compelling argument for promoting Basic Social Work Training (PDPS) among nagari officials, thereby enabling them to integrate various social components within their communities effectively. We collected data through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation, then thematically analyzed it based on internal and external factor categories. Data collection was conducted in Nagari Tanjung, West Sumatra, in 2024. Results: The main barriers include low nutritional literacy, stigma, shame, minimal father involvement, and beliefs in myths such as palasik. Social support from family, community, health workers, and the government has not been effective due to a lack of integration, inadequate cultural contextualization, and insufficient attention to psychosocial aspects. Moreover, the role of community social workers (PSM) at the village level has not been fully optimized, further exacerbating the situation. Conclusion: Community- and culture-based interventions are necessary, along with capacity-building for Nagari government officials through PDPS, to enable them to function similarly to social workers. The Ministry of Social Affairs should extend this training to the village or nagari level, not just at the provincial or district level. Strengthening the roles of nagari officials, village midwives, and community cadres (PKK, Posyandu, Family Planning, PPKBD, Human Development Cadres, PSM, and PKH facilitators) can help coordinate a sustainable and culturally contextual parenting support system.
Co-Authors Afrizal Defriman Djafri Siswati, Hermaini