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All Journal Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Rekayasa: Jurnal Penerapan Teknologi dan Pembelajaran
Hyung, Cho Joung
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Mechanical Engineering Other

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Aerodynamic Performance Enhancement of Electric Vehicles Using Selig 1223 Airfoil Wing-Type Spoiler: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study Fajar Rizqi Sandi Pratama; Aldias Bahatmaka; Amin, Muklis; Hyung, Cho Joung
Rekayasa Vol. 22 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rekayasa.v22i2.25166

Abstract

The performance of electric vehicles (EVs) is significantly influenced by aerodynamic forces, which directly affect energy consumption and vehicle stability. One of the main challenges in this regard is the increase in lift and drag forces at higher speeds, which compromises efficiency and handling. This study investigates the impact of a wing type rear spoiler, designed using the Selig 1223 airfoil, on the aerodynamic behavior of EVs. A comparative computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was conducted on two vehicle models: one without a spoiler and another equipped with the Selig 1223 spoiler mounted at a 15° angle of attack. Both models were tested under five speed conditions ranging from 40 to 120 km/h. The simulation results demonstrated a notable improvement in aerodynamic performance. The spoiler produced an average reduction in the lift coefficient (Cl) of approximately 110%, while the drag coefficient (Cd) showed only a slight increase, with the highest recorded rise being 13.3% at 120 km/h. Pressure distribution analysis revealed a substantial increase in static pressure at the rear of the vehicle (Point P3), rising from 37.47 Pa to 660.859 Pa, indicating enhanced downforce. Additionally, streamline and velocity contour plots confirmed improved airflow regulation and reduced turbulence behind the vehicle when the spoiler was installed. These findings indicate that the Selig 1223 airfoil spoiler effectively enhances EV stability and safety with minimal aerodynamic penalties, making it a promising aerodynamic enhancement for future electric vehicle designs.
Optimization Design of NACA 4412 Airfoil Based on Genetic Algorithm for Efficiency and Maximum Lift Force Laksono, Aryo Eko; Bahatmaka, Aldias; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar; Laksono, Galih Tri; Habibullah, Muhammad; Nubli, Haris; Hyung, Cho Joung
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Volume 20, Nomor 2, Agustus 2025
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department - Semarang State Polytechnic

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32497/jrm.v20i2.6531

Abstract

The NACA 4412 airfoil, renowned for its exceptional subsonic aerodynamic performance, faces critical operational constraints including elevated drag characteristics and premature stall onset at high angles of attack. While previous investigations have independently examined internal slot modifications and gurney flap implementations for aerodynamic enhancement, the synergistic potential of their combined application to the NACA 4412 configuration remains largely unexplored. This research presents a comprehensive optimization study that strategically integrates internal slot geometry with gurney flap configuration to maximize lift coefficient (CL) and aerodynamic efficiency (CL/CD) through advanced genetic algorithm optimization. The methodology employed high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics simulations using FLUENT with Spalart-Allmaras turbulence modeling, validated against experimental data to ensure accuracy. PCHIP numerical interpolation techniques were utilized to estimate aerodynamic coefficients across comprehensive angle-of-attack ranges not directly simulated. The optimized configuration demonstrated remarkable performance improvements, including a 75.68% increase in lift coefficient, an extension of the critical stall angle from 14° to 16°, enhanced aerodynamic efficiency, and significantly improved flow stability with reduced separation characteristics. These findings establish that the synergistic combination of internal slot and gurney flap modifications can fundamentally transform NACA 4412 aerodynamic performance, particularly excelling in high-angle-of-attack operational scenarios.
Co-Authors Aldias Bahatmaka Aldias Bahatmaka Amin, Muklis Fajar Rizqi Sandi Pratama Fitriyana, Deni Fajar Laksono, Aryo Eko Laksono, Galih Tri Muhammad Habibullah Nubli, Haris