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Investigating power quality issues in electric buggy battery charger systems: analysis and mitigation strategies Bunyamin, Wan Muhamad Hakimi Wan; Muhamad, Samshul Munir; Saidon, Wan Salha; Baharom, Rahimi
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 15, No 3: June 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v15i3.pp2534-2544

Abstract

This paper investigates power quality issues in the battery charger system of an electric buggy. Key power quality parameters such as total harmonic distortion (THD), power factor (PF), input voltage, and input current, were measured and analyzed during the charging process. The findings reveal significant power quality challenges, with THD levels exceeding IEEE 519 standards, indicating inefficiencies and potential risks such as increased heating and stress on charger components. Power factor readings reveal a substantial reactive power component, further contributing to inefficiency. To address these issues, the study recommends implementing harmonic mitigation techniques, such as passive and active filters, to reduce THD levels, using power factor correction methods, and optimizing charging algorithms to manage power demand more effectively. Continuous monitoring of charging parameters is essential for maintaining optimal performance and reliability. Adhering to standards is crucial for the efficient and reliable operation of electric vehicle (EV) charging systems, with regular compliance testing and benchmarking necessary to identify improvement areas and maintain a high-quality charging infrastructure. The proposed solutions aim to develop a sustainable and efficient charging system for electric buggies, providing valuable insights and recommendations for future research and development in power electronics and drive systems for EV applications.
Modeling and optimization of angular misalignment effects in resonant inductive wireless power transfer for electric vehicle charging Muhamad, Samshul Munir; Bunyamin, Wan Muhamad Hakimi Wan; Baharom, Rahimi
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 17, No 1: March 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp394-404

Abstract

This paper presents an enhanced electromagnetic modeling and optimization study on the effects of angular misalignment in resonant inductive wireless power transfer (RIWPT) systems for electric vehicle (EV) charging. A detailed 3D model of a double-layer circular coil was developed in CST Studio Suite to investigate coupling degradation, energy loss, and efficiency behavior under angular deviations ranging from 0° to 25°, at a fixed air gap of 30 mm. Performance metrics including mutual inductance, magnetic field distribution, power transfer efficiency (PTE), and loss characteristics were analyzed to establish quantitative misalignment correlations. Results indicate a steady reduction in PTE from 99.979% at 0° to 88.441% at 25°, accompanied by corresponding increases in field asymmetry and energy dissipation. To mitigate these losses, an impedance-tuning strategy was applied by jointly optimizing transmitter-side series and parallel compensation capacitors, which improved PTE at 5° misalignment from 98.777% to 99.801%, restoring near-resonant operation. Additional analyses evaluated thermal impact, material robustness, and dynamic misalignment effects, providing a more holistic understanding of real-world charging scenarios. The study further discusses real-time tuning feasibility using embedded controllers and aligns performance with SAE J2954 and IEC standards for EV wireless charging. The findings establish validated design guidelines and adaptive tuning frameworks for achieving high-efficiency, misalignment-tolerant RIWPT systems, contributing toward robust and energy-efficient EV charging infrastructure.