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Economic Instability and Growth: Analyzing the Role Of EPU, Inflation, FDI and Trade On GDP In Eight Asian Countries Nursam, Nurul Fatmah; Nur Fatiha; Ismail Pulungan; Taosige Wau; Shabur, Usman
Li Falah: Journal of Islamic Economics and Business Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31332/lifalah.v10i1.11772

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of inflation, foreign direct investment (FDI), trade openness, and economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on gross domestic product (GDP) in eight Asian countries Indonesia, China, Japan, South Korea, India, Pakistan, Thailand, and the Philippines over the period 2014–2023. Utilizing the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation for dynamic panel data, the results reveal that trade openness has a consistently positive and statistically significant effect on GDP, emphasizing its critical role in sustaining economic growth. FDI also exerts a positive influence, but its statistical significance varies across models, suggesting that differences in institutional capacity may affect its effectiveness. In contrast, inflation shows a negative and significant effect on GDP, indicating that price instability directly hampers growth. Moreover, EPU not only negatively impacts GDP but also significantly moderates the relationship between GDP and both FDI and trade openness, weakening their growth-enhancing effects. These findings highlight the necessity for Asian economies to maintain stable inflation, foster investment-friendly environments, and reduce policy uncertainty to fully harness the benefits of trade and foreign capital inflows.
The Influence of Macroeconomic Factors on Government Debt Policy for the 1990-2022 Period Didi Takwijudin; Taosige Wau
JURNAL PENDIDIKAN IPS Vol. 15 No. 3 (2025): JURNAL PENDIDIKAN IPS
Publisher : STKIP Taman Siswa Bima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37630/jpi.v15i3.2428

Abstract

This research aims to determine the influence of macroeconomic factors, such a tax ratio, public spending and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on government debt policy in Indonesia. The data analysis method used is time series data for the period 1990-2022 with annual data using the Error Correction Model (ECM) approach. This research uses a quantitative analysis method with the Eviewes 9 as analysis tool. Based on the results of the overall test of independent variables, it was found that in the short term there are two variables that have a positive influence on debt policy, namely public spending and GDP. Meanwhile, the tax ratio variable has a negative influence on debt policy. This is caused by a low tax absorption ratio resulting in a budget deficit which will increase the debt ratio. However, based on test results using a long-term approach, it was found that all independent variables had a negative influence. So, to reduce the high debt ratio, the government must increase the growth of infrastructure and economic development by paying attention to sources of financing other than debt and paying attention to the direction of debt policy.