Penelitian ini membahas perbandingan sistem pendidikan di Indonesia dan Iran melalui studi pustaka. Data dikumpulkan dari buku, artikel, jurnal ilmiah, serta sumber relevan lainnya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan Iran bersifat sentralistik, berbasis nilai-nilai Islam, dan dibiayai penuh oleh negara. Struktur pendidikannya terdiri dari pra-sekolah, pendidikan dasar, menengah, hingga perguruan tinggi dengan kurikulum terpusat. Sementara itu, pendidikan Islam di Indonesia berkembang melalui pesantren, madrasah, dan sekolah umum yang mengalami modernisasi sejak masa kemerdekaan hingga reformasi kurikulum. Kedua negara sama-sama menekankan nilai agama dalam pendidikan, namun Indonesia memiliki sistem yang lebih fleksibel dan plural dibanding Iran. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran mengenai karakteristik, tujuan, serta kebijakan pendidikan kedua negara. This study compares the education systems in Indonesia and Iran through a literature review. Data were collected from books, articles, scientific journals, and other relevant sources. The study shows that Iranian education is centralized, based on Islamic values, and fully funded by the state. Its educational structure consists of preschool, primary, secondary, and tertiary education, with a centralized curriculum. Meanwhile, Islamic education in Indonesia has developed through Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), madrasahs (Islamic schools), and public schools, which have undergone modernization since independence and subsequent curriculum reform. Both countries emphasize religious values in education, but Indonesia has a more flexible and pluralistic system than Iran. This study provides an overview of the characteristics, goals, and educational policies of both countries.