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All Journal Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Retnaningsih, Ririn
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Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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REVIEW: ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AND PHARMACOKINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LINEZOLID AS A THERAPY FOR DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS Retnaningsih, Ririn; Susilo, Rinto; Sundhani, Elza
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1735

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that remains a global health challenge. One of the main problems in TB treatment is the emergence of drug resistance, such as in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Linezolid is a class of oxazolidinones used as second-line therapy in the treatment of drug-resistant TB. However, its use is not free from serious adverse drug reactions such as peripheral neuropathy, myelosuppression, and lactic acidosis. Therefore, understanding the pharmacokinetic profile and adverse drug reactions of linezolid is important to increase the effectiveness of therapy and minimize the risk of toxicity. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the adverse drug reactions caused by linezolid and analyze its pharmacokinetic characteristics in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Methods: This article is a literature review that collects data from national and international scientific sources over the past 10 years (2015-2025), including the addition of comparative studies or meta-analyses, as well as inclusion criteria, such as articles that discuss the pharmacokinetics, adverse drug reactions, and use of linezolid in drug-resistant tuberculosis therapy, either in clinical trials, observational studies, or relevant therapeutic guidelines. Results: Based on the results of various studies, linezolid has an oral bioavailability approaching 100%, which allows oral and intravenous administration with almost equivalent doses. Its pharmacokinetic profile shows an elimination half-life of approximately 5-7 hours, with primary metabolism via nonenzymatic oxidation in the liver and excretion in the urine as inactive metabolites. These characteristics make linezolid a flexible option for drug-resistant tuberculosis therapy..
STUDY OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS OF LINEZOLID IN DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS Susilo, Rinto; Sundhani, Elza; Setyaningsih, Indah; Retnaningsih, Ririn; Nurjanah, Ucu; Endang Ayu Prihatini, Nok
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis Vol 11 No 2 (May-August 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v11i2.12472

Abstract

The estimated number of DR TB patients in Indonesia is increasing. High adverse drug reactions have the potential to affect the success of DR TB patient treatment. Linezolid is one of the drugs in combination with DR TB therapy that has the potential to cause adverse drug reactions in the form of hematological disorders and visual impairment. This study aims to determine the incidence of Linezolid ADRs, including the incidence, severity, and risk factors associated with the occurrence of ADRs. This type of study is observational with a cross-sectional design conducted retrospectively in DR TB patients at the lung clinic of Hospital 'X" and Hospital "Y" in Indonesia. The results of the study showed that the incidence of ADRs suspected of Linezolid that met the criteria was 70 patients out of a total of 215. The most common type of ADRs was hematological disorders at 89%, the rest were visual impairment. The type of regimen and type of ADRs correlate with the severity of ADRs. It is necessary to monitor drug levels in the blood in order to monitor and prevent the potential for more severe ADRs so that therapy can be individualized.
Co-Authors Endang Ayu Prihatini, Nok Nurjanah, Ucu Setyaningsih, Indah Sundhani, Elza Susilo, Rinto