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All Journal Majalah Biomorfologi (Biomorphology Journal) Indonesian Andrology and Biomedical Journal
Dinda Rachma Harlisa
Unknown Affiliation
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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A Comparative Review of PSA, PSMA PET, and PCA3 Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Effectiveness, Cost, and Safety Analysis Wijaya, Jesselyn; Alexandrena Maive Putri Adya; Jason Oktavian Hartanto; Rizky Amanda Putri; Dinda Rachma Harlisa; Rabhindra Javier Hariri Darussalam
Indonesian Andrology and Biomedical Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/iabj.v5i2.66561

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Prostate cancer is the third most common urological cancer among men in Indonesia, with an incidence rate of 14.8 per 100,000 population in 2012. PSA has been a cornerstone of diagnosis, however its low specificity in distinguishing prostate cancer from other urological malignancies, is followed by study of other biomarkers such as PSMA and PCA3. PSMA and PCA3, either as a single marker or in combination with PSA, has the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, aid in risk assessment, and support treatment decision-making. Results : The overall diagnostic accuracy, as indicated by the AUC integrating sensitivity and specificity, shows that PCA3 and PSMA have higher AUC values compared to PSA. Combining PSA with PSMA, PCA3, or both demonstrated promising potential for prostate cancer diagnosis when compared to PSA alone. PSA shows slightly higher sensitivity, supporting its role as a screening tool, while PSMA PET offers better specificity than conventional imaging for detecting advanced prostate cancer, albeit at a higher cost. Meanwhile, PCA3, a urinary biomarker, surpasses PSA in specificity, effectively reducing unnecessary biopsies with a safer, non-invasive approach. Summary : PSA remains the standard diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer screening. Its low specificity may result in unnecessary biopsies. Other biomarkers like PSMA and PCA3 may be more appropriate for specific patient situations than PSA, with PCA3 being the least invasive procedure and PSMA PET being the most expensive. A multimodal approach combining PSA with PSMA or PCA3 shows significantly higher accuracy than PSA alone, improving diagnostic chances and reducing the risk of overdiagnosis.
ESKAPE Pathogens in Hospitalized Patients: A Comprehensive Profiling of Infections and Characteristics at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Dinda Rachma Harlisa; Tri Pudy Asmarawati; Firman Setiawan; Pepy Dwi Endraswari
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 35 No. 2 (2025): Majalah Biomorfologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v35i2.2025.103-112

Abstract

Highlights This study found that ESKAPE pathogenic infections at Universitas Airlangga Hospital were dominated by Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae, with sputum as the most commonly collected specimen providing valuable data for infection control strategies. Most patients exhibited significant clinical manifestations involving neurological disorders, with the respiratory system being the most affected information that may enhance the effectiveness of patient management in the hospital.   ABSTRACT Background: Infections pose a significant threat in Indonesia, particularly in healthcare settings where healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are prevalent. At a hospital in Jakarta, the prevalence of ESKAPE pathogens was reported to be 69.8%. However, detailed data on the infection profiles of these pathogens remain scarce. This underscores the importance of studying ESKAPE pathogenic bacteria to better understand their characteristics. Objective: This study aimed to determine the infection profile of ESKAPE pathogens in hospitalized patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia in 2022. Material and Method: This descriptive observational study employed a retrospective design using secondary data from non-ICU inpatients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital infected with ESKAPE pathogens in 2022. Total sampling was applied to eligible medical records. Result: The study included 119 specimens from inpatients infected with ESKAPE pathogens that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, 78% were Gram-negative bacterial infections, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most prevalent (29%). Sputum was the most commonly collected specimen (49%). Most patients were male (57%), aged 56–65 years (29%), and had no comorbidities (46%). Additionally, 63% of patients had used invasive devices during hospitalization. The majority were admitted to low-care inpatient wards. The primary clinical features were neurological complaints (29%) and respiratory disorders (37%), predominantly associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion: ESKAPE infections were primarily caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, a Gram-negative bacterium, most frequently identified in sputum samples. The predominant clinical manifestations were decreased consciousness and respiratory disorders. Affected patients were mainly male, aged ≥56 years, hospitalized in low-care wards, with a history of invasive device use and no comorbidities.
Co-Authors Alexandrena Maive Putri Adya Asmarawati, Tri Pudy Jason Oktavian Hartanto Pepy Dwi Endraswari, Pepy Dwi Rabhindra Javier Hariri Darussalam Rizky Amanda Putri Setiawan, Firman Wijaya, Jesselyn