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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Ahmed, Md. Eftiar
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Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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For S-band WLAN applications, a patch antenna design, simulation, and optimization Ahmed, Md. Eftiar; Pranto, Biprojitt Saha; Rana, Md. Sohel; Faruq Shakil, Md. Omar; Ala Walid, Md. Abul; Arin, Ifat; Mondal, Saikat; Chooyan, Samanta Mostafa
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 38, No 3: June 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v38.i3.pp1613-1623

Abstract

A rectangular microstrip patch antenna for 2.45 GHz is designed, tested, and analyzed in this study. It uses two substrate materials (design I and II) with different permittivity levels. RT5880 (design-I) and FR-4 (design-II) substrates have a thickness of 1.57 mm and 1.6 mm, respectively. Design-I and design-II substrates have relative permittivity of 2.2 and 4.3, respectively. Performance and efficiency are considered due to the substrate material's relative permittivity and thickness; return loss (S11), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain, directivity, surface current, and efficiency. Design II and design I have 3.25 dBi and 8.089 dBi gains, respectively, and 5.92 dBi and 8.64 dBi directivity, respectively. Design I had the best antenna efficiency, 93.64%, compared to design II, 54.96%. In contrast to the design I and design II, which had return losses (S11) of -53.29 dB and -51.38 dB, each of the suggested antennas had a return loss (S11) of more than -50 dB. The VSWR for design I is 1.0043, while the Design II material is 1.0054. This study aims to reduce return loss (S11) and close the VSWR to 1. This proposed design improves antenna gain, directivity, and efficiency for future wireless applications on wireless local area networks (WLANs).
Designing, developing and analyzing of a rectangular-shaped patch antenna at 3.5 GHz for 5G applications at S band Halder, Sukanto; Rana, Md. Sohel; Ahad, Md Abdul; Shahriar, Md. Shehab Uddin; Al Mamun, Md. Abdulla; Rahaman, Md. Mominur; Faruk, Omer; Ahmed, Md. Eftiar
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 15, No 6: December 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v15i6.pp5422-5432

Abstract

This research study focuses on the design and analysis of two distinct patch antennas for 5G applications at 3.5 GHz. Rogers RT5880 served as the foundational material for antenna designs I and II. A 50 Ω feed line is utilized to supply both antennas. According to the calculations, Design I exhibits a reflection coefficient (S11) of -32.98 dB, a voltage standing wave ratio of 1.045, a gain of 7.81 dBi, an efficiency of 89.2%, and a surface current of 66.82 A/V. Design II has a reflection coefficient (S11) of 34.98 dB, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.036, gain of 8.78 dBi, efficiency of 89.87%, and surface current of 62.7 A/V. Among the two antenna designs, design II outperformed design I, and the results indicate that the antenna fulfilled the designated purpose. The novelties of the proposed paper are to design two different patch antennas using same materials and highlight the performance of the design parameters. Design II is proficient in supporting 5G services owing to its advantageous performance. In addition, S11 of the antenna is reduced to bring the VSWR value is close to 1. Also, improve gain, directivity and efficiency by bringing the antenna impedance matching close to 50 Ω.
Co-Authors Ahad, Md Abdul Al Mamun, Md. Abdulla Ala Walid, Md. Abul Arin, Ifat Chooyan, Samanta Mostafa Faruk, Omer Faruq Shakil, Md. Omar Halder, Sukanto Mondal, Saikat Pranto, Biprojitt Saha Rahaman, Md. Mominur Rana, Md. Sohel Shahriar, Md. Shehab Uddin