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Yasir Amani, Yasir Amani
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Control & Systems Engineering Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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The effect of torrefaction temperature variations on the characteristics and calorific value of water hyacinth charcoal briquette products Aris, M. Zainul; Yasir Amani, Yasir Amani
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Fabrication Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Journal of Mechafa Engineering and Fabrication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64273/jmef.v2i1.19

Abstract

Energy is needed by all people in various countries, this results in climate change and depletion of energy, it is necessary to find clean alternative energy, one of which is biomass. Water hyacinth is a biomass that grows rapidly in Indonesia, but its energy density is still low. This research aims to improve the characteristics and calorific value of water hyacinth biomass using torefaction process. In this study, water hyacinth was subjected to a torefaction process with temperature variations of 200 ℃, 250 ℃ and 300 ℃ and a holding time of 1 hour. ¬The biochar resulting from the torefaction process is then made into briquettes using tapioca starch adhesive, with a ratio of 10% of the weight of the raw material, and pressing at a pressure of 300 kg/cm2. From the research and testing that has been done, the proximate test results obtained the lowest moisture content of 5.75% in the 300 ℃ sample, the lowest ash content of 17.65% in the 200 ℃ sample, the lowest volatile compounds of 39.52% in the 300 ℃ sample and the highest fixed carbon of 25.92% in the 300 ℃ sample. The highest heating value was produced in the 300 ℃ sample which amounted to 5140.44 cal/g. The lowest Shatter Index was 1.68% in the 300 ℃ sample. The most optimal burning rate of briquettes in the 300 ℃ sample was 0.085 g/min with a duration of 47 minutes. The results of this study indicate that the torefaction process and torefaction temperature variation have a significant effect on the characteristics and heating value of water hyacinth briquettes.
Analysis of steam consumption in the crude palm oil sterilizer during a 90-minute boiling process Yasir Amani, Yasir Amani; Siregar, M. Ronny Syahputra; Faisal, Faisal; Hidayat, Heindrix
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Fabrication Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Journal of Mechafa Engineering and Fabrication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64273/jmef.v2i2.24

Abstract

In crude palm oil production, productivity largely depends on the performance of the sterilizer, particularly the horizontal type that operates using steam pressure. This study aimed to analyze the performance of the sterilizer by observing the boiling process of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) and determining the heat required during a single sterilization cycle. Observations were carried out throughout the sterilization process, with steam pressure monitored using the pressure gauge located on top of the sterilizer vessel. The daily steam requirement varied, with the highest recorded on the 10th day, reaching 1,050 kg of steam for 735 tons of FFB. Interestingly, a higher volume of FFB did not always correspond to a higher steam demand. On average, the sterilization process required 827 kg of steam per ton of FFB over 24 hours. At PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV PKS Dolok Sinumbah, the horizontal sterilizer operates with a triple-peak system, a boiling time of 90–100 minutes, steam pressure of 2.8–3.2 kg/cm², and temperatures between 120–135 °C. The results indicate that the heat required reached 738,160.5 kcal/s, the latent heat was 7,772,760 kJ, and the total steam consumption amounted to 8,510,920.5 kcal for 30 tons of FFB.
Co-Authors Aris, M. Zainul Faisal Faisal Hidayat, Heindrix Siregar, M. Ronny Syahputra