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The effect of torrefaction temperature variations on the characteristics and calorific value of water hyacinth charcoal briquette products Aris, M. Zainul; Yasir Amani, Yasir Amani
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Fabrication Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Journal of Mechafa Engineering and Fabrication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64273/jmef.v2i1.19

Abstract

Energy is needed by all people in various countries, this results in climate change and depletion of energy, it is necessary to find clean alternative energy, one of which is biomass. Water hyacinth is a biomass that grows rapidly in Indonesia, but its energy density is still low. This research aims to improve the characteristics and calorific value of water hyacinth biomass using torefaction process. In this study, water hyacinth was subjected to a torefaction process with temperature variations of 200 ℃, 250 ℃ and 300 ℃ and a holding time of 1 hour. ¬The biochar resulting from the torefaction process is then made into briquettes using tapioca starch adhesive, with a ratio of 10% of the weight of the raw material, and pressing at a pressure of 300 kg/cm2. From the research and testing that has been done, the proximate test results obtained the lowest moisture content of 5.75% in the 300 ℃ sample, the lowest ash content of 17.65% in the 200 ℃ sample, the lowest volatile compounds of 39.52% in the 300 ℃ sample and the highest fixed carbon of 25.92% in the 300 ℃ sample. The highest heating value was produced in the 300 ℃ sample which amounted to 5140.44 cal/g. The lowest Shatter Index was 1.68% in the 300 ℃ sample. The most optimal burning rate of briquettes in the 300 ℃ sample was 0.085 g/min with a duration of 47 minutes. The results of this study indicate that the torefaction process and torefaction temperature variation have a significant effect on the characteristics and heating value of water hyacinth briquettes.
Analysis of steam consumption in the crude palm oil sterilizer during a 90-minute boiling process Yasir Amani, Yasir Amani; Siregar, M. Ronny Syahputra; Faisal, Faisal; Hidayat, Heindrix
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Fabrication Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Journal of Mechafa Engineering and Fabrication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64273/jmef.v2i2.24

Abstract

In crude palm oil production, productivity largely depends on the performance of the sterilizer, particularly the horizontal type that operates using steam pressure. This study aimed to analyze the performance of the sterilizer by observing the boiling process of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) and determining the heat required during a single sterilization cycle. Observations were carried out throughout the sterilization process, with steam pressure monitored using the pressure gauge located on top of the sterilizer vessel. The daily steam requirement varied, with the highest recorded on the 10th day, reaching 1,050 kg of steam for 735 tons of FFB. Interestingly, a higher volume of FFB did not always correspond to a higher steam demand. On average, the sterilization process required 827 kg of steam per ton of FFB over 24 hours. At PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV PKS Dolok Sinumbah, the horizontal sterilizer operates with a triple-peak system, a boiling time of 90–100 minutes, steam pressure of 2.8–3.2 kg/cm², and temperatures between 120–135 °C. The results indicate that the heat required reached 738,160.5 kcal/s, the latent heat was 7,772,760 kJ, and the total steam consumption amounted to 8,510,920.5 kcal for 30 tons of FFB.
Utilization of Coffee Husk and Bagasse Waste as Biobriquettes Yasir Amani, Yasir Amani; Sayuthi , Muhammad; Irawan, Dede; Nur, Faisal Muhammad; Hidayat, Heindrix
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Fabrication Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Maret
Publisher : Journal of Mechafa Engineering and Fabrication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64273/jmef.v3i1.28

Abstract

Utilising agricultural waste as an alternative energy source is an effort to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and its negative impact on the environment. This research aims to examine the characteristics of biobriquettes from a mixture of coffee husk waste and sugarcane bagasse using sodium silicate adhesive, as well as analyse the effect of variations in material composition on the physical and thermal properties of biobriquettes. The composition of the ingredients varied in five ratios of coffee skins and sugarcane bagasse (80:20, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, and 20:80) grams with 15% sodium silicate adhesive. The proximate test results showed that the highest water content was 4.336%, the highest ash content was 0.69%, the highest volatile matter was 87.218%, and the highest bound carbon was 17.946%. For the test results, the highest calorific value was 6231.715 cal/gram with a composition of 80 coffee skins and 20 grams of sugarcane bagasse. This research proves that a mixture of coffee skins and sugar bagasse with sodium silicate adhesive has great potential as an alternative fuel, with the dominance of coffee skins producing more optimal biobriquette characteristics
Arrow C-106 Engine Performance Analysis Based on Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) and Availability Methods at PT. Pertamina Hulu Rokan Regional 1 Zone 1 Field Rantau Yasir Amani, Yasir Amani
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Fabrication Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Maret
Publisher : Journal of Mechafa Engineering and Fabrication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64273/jmef.v3i1.29

Abstract

Through data collection and analysis of the performance of the Arrow C-106 Engine at PT Pertamina Hulu Rokan's Rantau Field. The results of the analysis are expected to provide an overview of the actual condition of the machine, its level of reliability, and its availability to support the oil and gas production process. The data analysis method in this research was carried out by processing Arrow C-106 Engine operational data obtained from log sheets, downtime records and company documentation. The data that has been collected is then calculated using three main parameters, namely MTBF, MTTR, and Availability. The results of the analysis of these three parameters are then compared with actual conditions in the field, in order to obtain an overview of the reliability and availability of the Arrow C-106 engine in supporting oil and gas production operations. Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) shows that the Arrow C-106 Engine has the ability to operate for a relatively long duration before damage occurs. The Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) value obtained is relatively small, so the average repair time required is not too long. The calculated Availability parameters for individual units are in the high range, with most units recording values ​​above 95%. This high level of availability shows that the Arrow C-106 Engine has good operational readiness and can be relied on to support the continuity of oil and gas production.   
Variations in the volume fraction of hybrid composites reinforced with bamboo fiber and fiber-glass fiber influence the Tensile and Impact tests Yasir Amani, Yasir Amani
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Fabrication Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Maret
Publisher : Journal of Mechafa Engineering and Fabrication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64273/jmef.v3i1.30

Abstract

This research is to create a prototype plastic composite reinforced with bamboo fiber and fiber-glass with variations in volume fraction 25% SB : 25% FG, 35% SB : 15 % FG and 40% SB: 10% FG, the fiber layer types are arranged in the longitudinal direction (0°) with random laminate orientation, for the matrix using BTQN 157 EX polyyester resin. test specimens using the hand lay up method. Composite testing is in the form of Tensile testing referring to Standard ASTM D638-14 and Impact Testing referring to ASTM D6110-10 using the charpy method. The results in the optimal tensile test were greatest at a volume fraction of 40% SB :15% FG with an average tensile strength value of  = 80.907 MPa, strain ϵ = 2.53% and elastic modulus E = 31.96 MPa. The lowest tensile strength is at a  volume fraction of 35% SB:10% FG with an average value of σ =75.552 Mpa. strain ϵ = 2.09 % and elastic modulus 36.01 MPa. In the charpy impact test, the highest volume fraction was at 35% SB :15% FG with impact strength (HI) = 0.83 .  Absorbed energy (EI) = 46.73 Joules. The lowest impact strength is at a volume fraction of 35% :15% with impact strength (HI) = 0.24 . Absorbed energy (EI) = 30.94, However volume fraction 40%:10% Impact Strength (HI) = 0.79 .  However, the highest absorbed energy (EI) = 64.16 Joules. The observation results show that the fiber volume is good at a percentage of 40% SB with 15% FG suitable for combining as an alternative tensile material. To observe the fracture results of the Impact test specimen, pull-out fiber was found. However, composites reinforced with bamboo fiber have strong enough capabilities for manufacturing product applications